Hirono Masafumi
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014 Sep 5;369(1650). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0458.
The cartwheel is a subcentriolar structure consisting of a central hub and nine radially arranged spokes, located at the proximal end of the centriole. It appears at the initial stage of the centriole assembly process as the first ninefold symmetrical structure. The cartwheel was first described more than 50 years ago, but it is only recently that its pivotal role in establishing the ninefold symmetry of the centriole was demonstrated. Significant progress has since been made in understanding its fine structure and assembly mechanism. Most importantly, the central part of the cartwheel, from which the ninefold symmetry originates, is shown to form by self-association of nine dimers of the protein SAS-6. This finding, together with emerging data on other components of the cartwheel, has opened new avenues in centrosome biology.
中心粒外周物质是一种位于中心粒近端的亚中心粒结构，由一个中心枢纽和九条径向排列的辐条组成。它在中心粒组装过程的初始阶段出现，是首个具有九重对称性的结构。中心粒外周物质早在50多年前就被首次描述，但直到最近才证明其在建立中心粒九重对称性方面的关键作用。此后，在了解其精细结构和组装机制方面取得了重大进展。最重要的是，中心粒外周物质的中心部分，即九重对称性的起源，被证明是由蛋白质SAS-6的九个二聚体自组装形成的。这一发现，连同关于中心粒外周物质其他成分的新数据，为中心体生物学开辟了新的途径。
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