Akella Sudhakar V S, Kirk William D J, Lu Yao-bin, Murai Tamotsu, Walters Keith F A, Hamilton James G C
Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Huxley Building, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom.
Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
PLoS One. 2014 Aug 7;9(8):e103315. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103315. eCollection 2014.
The objective of this study was to identify the aggregation pheromone of the melon thrips Thrips palmi, a major pest of vegetable and ornamental plants around the world. The species causes damage both through feeding activities and as a vector of tospoviruses, and is a threat to world trade and European horticulture. Improved methods of detecting and controlling this species are needed and the identification of an aggregation pheromone will contribute to this requirement. Bioassays with a Y-tube olfactometer showed that virgin female T. palmi were attracted to the odour of live males, but not to that of live females, and that mixed-age adults of both sexes were attracted to the odour of live males, indicating the presence of a male-produced aggregation pheromone. Examination of the headspace volatiles of adult male T. palmi revealed only one compound that was not found in adult females. It was identified by comparison of its mass spectrum and chromatographic details with those of similar compounds. This compound had a structure like that of the previously identified male-produced aggregation pheromone of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis. The compound was synthesised and tested in eggplant crops infested with T. palmi in Japan. Significantly greater numbers of both males and females were attracted to traps baited with the putative aggregation pheromone compared to unbaited traps. The aggregation pheromone of T. palmi is thus identified as (R)-lavandulyl 3-methyl-3-butenoate by spectroscopic, chromatographic and behavioural analysis.
本研究的目的是鉴定西花蓟马的聚集信息素，西花蓟马是全球蔬菜和观赏植物的主要害虫。该物种通过取食活动以及作为番茄斑萎病毒属病毒的传播媒介造成危害，对世界贸易和欧洲园艺业构成威胁。需要改进检测和控制该物种的方法，而鉴定聚集信息素将有助于满足这一需求。使用Y型嗅觉仪进行的生物测定表明，未交配的雌性西花蓟马会被活雄性的气味所吸引，但不会被活雌性的气味所吸引，并且不同年龄段的雌雄成虫都会被活雄性的气味所吸引，这表明存在由雄性产生的聚集信息素。对成年雄性西花蓟马的顶空挥发物进行检测，结果显示只有一种化合物在成年雌性中未被发现。通过将其质谱和色谱细节与类似化合物进行比较，对该化合物进行了鉴定。该化合物的结构与先前鉴定的西花蓟马雄性产生的聚集信息素相似。合成了该化合物，并在日本受西花蓟马侵害的茄子作物中进行了测试。与未设诱饵的诱捕器相比，用假定的聚集信息素诱饵诱捕的诱捕器吸引到的雄性和雌性数量都显著更多。因此通过光谱、色谱和行为分析，将西花蓟马的聚集信息素鉴定为(R)-薰衣草基3-甲基-3-丁烯酸酯。
