Haufe Stefan, Kim Jeong-Woo, Kim Il-Hwa, Sonnleitner Andreas, Schrauf Michael, Curio Gabriel, Blankertz Benjamin
Fachgebiet Maschinelles Lernen, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany. Bernstein Focus: Neurotechnology, Berlin, Germany. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, USA.
J Neural Eng. 2014 Oct;11(5):056011. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/11/5/056011. Epub 2014 Aug 11.
The fact that all human action is preceded by brain processes partially observable through neuroimaging devices such as electroencephalography (EEG) is currently being explored in a number of applications. A recent study by Haufe et al (2011 J. Neural Eng. 8 056001) demonstrates the possibility of performing fast detection of forced emergency brakings during driving based on EEG and electromyography, and discusses the use of such neurotechnology for braking assistance systems. Since the study was conducted in a driving simulator, its significance regarding real-world applicability needs to be assessed.
Here, we replicate that experimental paradigm in a real car on a non-public test track.
Our results resemble those of the simulator study, both qualitatively (in terms of the neurophysiological phenomena observed and utilized) and quantitatively (in terms of the predictive improvement achievable using electrophysiology in addition to behavioral measures). Moreover, our findings are robust with respect to a temporary secondary auditory task mimicking verbal input from a fellow passenger.
Our study serves as a real-world verification of the feasibility of electrophysiology-based detection of emergency braking intention as proposed in Haufe et al (2011 J. Neural Eng. 8 056001).
目前，许多应用正在探索这样一个事实，即所有人类行为之前都有大脑活动过程，这些活动过程可以通过诸如脑电图（EEG）等神经成像设备部分观察到。豪费等人（2011年，《神经工程学杂志》8 056001）最近的一项研究表明，基于脑电图和肌电图在驾驶过程中快速检测强制紧急制动是可能的，并讨论了这种神经技术在制动辅助系统中的应用。由于该研究是在驾驶模拟器中进行的，因此需要评估其在现实世界中的适用性。
在此，我们在真实汽车的非公共测试轨道上复制了该实验范式。
我们的结果在定性（就观察到和利用的神经生理现象而言）和定量（就除行为测量外使用电生理学可实现的预测改善而言）方面都与模拟器研究的结果相似。此外，我们的研究结果对于模拟来自同乘乘客言语输入的临时次要听觉任务具有稳健性。
我们的研究对豪费等人（2011年，《神经工程学杂志》8 056001）提出的基于电生理学检测紧急制动意图的可行性进行了现实世界验证。
