Moreno Patricia, Olveira José G, Labella Alejandro, Cutrín Juan Manuel, Baro Jorge C, Borrego Juan Jose, Dopazo Carlos P
Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
Unidad de Ictiopatología-Patologia Viral, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitologia, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Oct;80(20):6560-71. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02090-14. Epub 2014 Aug 15.
This report describes a viral epidemiological study of wild fish around the Gulf of Cadiz (southwestern Iberian Peninsula) and is focused on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), and viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV). One fish species (Chelon labrosus) was sampled inside the gulf, at the mouth of the San Pedro River. Another 29 were sampled, in three oceanographic campaigns, at sites around the Bay of Cadiz. The fish were processed individually and subjected to isolation in cell culture and molecular diagnosis. VHSV was not isolated from any species. Thirteen IPNV-type isolates were obtained from barracuda (Sphyraena sphyraena), axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne), common two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris), common pandora (P. erythrinus), Senegal seabream (D. bellottii), and surmullet (Mullus surmuletus). Six VNNV isolates were obtained from axillary seabream, common pandora, black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus), red mullet (Mullet barbatus), Lusitanian toadfish (Halobatrachus didactylus), and tub gurnard (Chelidonichtys lucerna). In the river mouth, viruses were detected only after reamplification, obtaining prevalence percentages of IPNV and VNNV (44.4 and 63.0%, respectively) much higher than those observed in the oceanographic campaigns (25.7 and 19.6%, respectively). The opposite results were obtained in the case of VHSV after reamplification: 11.1% in the river mouth and 43.6% in the oceanic locations. Analyzing the results with respect to the proximity of the sampling sites to the coast, an anthropogenic influence on wild fish is suggested and discussed. The type of viruses and the presence of natural reassortants are also discussed.
本报告描述了一项对加的斯湾（伊比利亚半岛西南部）野生鱼类的病毒流行病学研究，重点关注传染性胰腺坏死病毒（IPNV）、病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）和病毒性神经坏死病毒（VNNV）。在海湾内圣佩德罗河口采集了一种鱼类（欧洲鲈）样本。在三次海洋学调查中，还在加的斯湾周边地点采集了另外29种鱼类样本。对这些鱼进行单独处理，并进行细胞培养分离和分子诊断。未从任何物种中分离出VHSV。从梭鱼（尖吻鲈）、腋斑鲷、普通双带鲷、普通真鲷、塞内加尔鲷和羊鱼中获得了13株IPNV型分离株。从腋斑鲷、普通真鲷、黑鲷、红鲻、葡萄牙海蟾蜍和短鳍红娘鱼中获得了6株VNNV分离株。在河口，病毒仅在再次扩增后被检测到，IPNV和VNNV的流行率（分别为44.4%和63.0%）远高于海洋学调查中的观察值（分别为25.7%和19.6%）。VHSV再次扩增后的结果则相反：河口为11.1%，海洋区域为43.6%。分析采样点与海岸的距离相关结果，提示并讨论了人为因素对野生鱼类的影响。还讨论了病毒类型和天然重配体的存在情况。
