Basta I, Pekmezovic T, Peric S, Nikolic A, Rakocevic-Stojanovic V, Stevic Z, Marjanovic I, Lavrnic D
Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
J Neurol Sci. 2014 Nov 15;346(1-2):80-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.07.060. Epub 2014 Aug 6.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) may be associated with extrathymic malignancies, especially in patients with thymoma.
To determine the frequency and type of extrathymic malignancies in MG patients from the Belgrade area, and to identify potential risk factors associated with tumors.
The study comprised 390 patients with MG. Different sociodemographic and clinical variables potentially associated with extrathymic neoplasms were analyzed.
Extrathymic malignancies were present in 42 (10.8%) MG patients - 22 (52.4%) males and 20 (47.6%) females. The most frequently detected were breast (40%) and lung (40%) neoplasms. The tumors appeared with similar frequency before (45.2%) and after the onset of MG (42.9%). Significant predictors for the development of extrathymic malignancies were current age (p = 0.001) and immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy (p = 0.021). On the other hand, current age (p=0.001), longer MG duration (p = 0.001) and generalized form of MG (p = 0.002) were significant predictors of malignancy occurring after the MG onset.
Our study revealed that older MG patients, as well as those with longer duration of the disease, and those who received IVIg therapy had a higher oncogenic risk for the development of extrathymic malignancies.
重症肌无力（MG）可能与胸腺外恶性肿瘤有关，尤其是胸腺瘤患者。
确定贝尔格莱德地区MG患者胸腺外恶性肿瘤的发生率和类型，并识别与肿瘤相关的潜在危险因素。
该研究纳入了390例MG患者。分析了可能与胸腺外肿瘤相关的不同社会人口统计学和临床变量。
42例（10.8%）MG患者存在胸腺外恶性肿瘤，其中男性22例（52.4%），女性20例（47.6%）。最常检测到的是乳腺肿瘤（40%）和肺部肿瘤（40%）。肿瘤在MG发病前（45.2%）和发病后（42.9%）出现的频率相似。胸腺外恶性肿瘤发生的显著预测因素是当前年龄（p = 0.001）和免疫球蛋白（IVIg）治疗（p = 0.021）。另一方面，当前年龄（p = 0.001）、MG病程较长（p = 0.001）和MG的全身型（p = 0.002）是MG发病后发生恶性肿瘤的显著预测因素。
我们的研究表明，年龄较大的MG患者、病程较长的患者以及接受IVIg治疗的患者发生胸腺外恶性肿瘤的致癌风险较高。
