Domanska-Blicharz Katarzyna, Jacukowicz Anna, Lisowska Anna, Wyrostek Krzysztof, Minta Zenon
a Department of Poultry Diseases , National Veterinary Research Institute , Pulawy , Poland.
Avian Pathol. 2014;43(5):406-13. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2014.949619. Epub 2014 Oct 1.
We examined 884 wild birds mainly from the Anseriformes, Charadriiformes and Galliformes orders for infectious bronchitis (IBV)-like coronavirus in Poland between 2008 and 2011. Coronavirus was detected in 31 (3.5%) of the tested birds, with detection rates of 3.5% in Anseriformes and 2.3% in Charadriiformes and as high as 17.6% in Galliformes. From the 31 positive samples, only 10 gave positive results in molecular tests aimed at various IBV genome fragments: five samples were positive for the RdRp gene, four for gene 3, eight for gene N and eight for the 3'-untranslated region fragment. All analysed genome fragments of the coronavirus strains shared different evolutionary branches, resulting in a different phylogenetic tree topology. Most detected fragment genes seem to be IBV-like genes of the most frequently detected lineages of IBV in this geographical region (i.e. Massachusetts, 793B and QX). Two waves of coronavirus infections were identified: one in spring (April and May) and another in late autumn (October to December). To our knowledge this is the first report of the detection of different fragment IBV-like genes in wild bird populations.
2008年至2011年期间，我们在波兰对884只主要来自雁形目、鸻形目和鸡形目的野生鸟类进行了检测，以查找是否感染了类似传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）的冠状病毒。在31只（3.5%）受试鸟类中检测到了冠状病毒，其中雁形目的检出率为3.5%，鸻形目的检出率为2.3%，而鸡形目的检出率高达17.6%。在这31份阳性样本中，只有10份在针对不同IBV基因组片段的分子检测中呈阳性结果：5份样本的RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶（RdRp）基因呈阳性，4份基因3呈阳性，8份核衣壳蛋白（N）基因呈阳性，8份3'非翻译区片段呈阳性。冠状病毒株的所有分析基因组片段都分布在不同的进化分支上，从而形成了不同的系统发育树拓扑结构。大多数检测到的片段基因似乎是该地理区域最常检测到的IBV谱系（即马萨诸塞株、793B株和QX株）的类似IBV的基因。确定了两波冠状病毒感染：一波在春季（4月和5月），另一波在深秋（10月至12月）。据我们所知，这是首次在野生鸟类种群中检测到不同片段的类似IBV基因的报告。
