Zhao Jun, Greene Catherine M, Gray Steven G, Lawless Matthew W
Experimental Medicine, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street , Dublin 7 , Ireland
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2014 Oct;18(10):1207-18. doi: 10.1517/14728222.2014.941285. Epub 2014 Aug 22.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer with an estimated over half a million new cases diagnosed annually. Due to the difficulty in early diagnosis and lack of effective treatment options, HCC is currently ranked as the second highest neoplastic-related mortality in the world, with an extremely low 5-year survival rate of between 6 and 11%. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are genes lacking protein coding ability, have recently emerged as pivotal participants in biological processes, often dysregulated in a range of cancers, including HCC.
In this review, we highlight the recent findings of lncRNAs in HCC pathogenesis, with particular attention on epigenetic events. In silico analysis was utilized to emphasize intrinsic linkages within the ncRNA families associated with hepatocarcinogenesis.
While our understanding of lncRNAs in the onset and progression of HCC is still in its infancy, there is no doubt that understanding the activities of ncRNAs will certainly secure strong biomarkers and improve treatment options for HCC patients.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是原发性肝癌最常见的形式，估计每年有超过50万新病例被诊断出来。由于早期诊断困难且缺乏有效的治疗选择，HCC目前是全球肿瘤相关死亡率第二高的疾病，5年生存率极低，仅为6%至11%。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是缺乏蛋白质编码能力的基因，最近已成为生物过程中的关键参与者，在包括HCC在内的一系列癌症中常常失调。
在本综述中，我们重点介绍了lncRNAs在HCC发病机制中的最新发现，特别关注表观遗传事件。利用计算机分析来强调与肝癌发生相关的ncRNA家族内部的内在联系。
虽然我们对lncRNAs在HCC发生和发展中的理解仍处于起步阶段，但毫无疑问，了解ncRNAs的活性肯定会为HCC患者找到强大的生物标志物并改善治疗选择。
