Tran H, Bundy J W, Li Y S, Carney-Hinkle E E, Miller P S, Burkey T E
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908.
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908
J Anim Sci. 2014 Oct;92(10):4494-504. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-7620. Epub 2014 Aug 22.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and gut morphology of nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, 96 weaned pigs (Nebraska female × Danbred sire; 20 ± 1 d of age; initial BW = 6.06 ± 0.02 kg) were assigned to 16 pens and randomly allotted to the control (CTL; no SDPP) or the CTL + SDPP treatment in 2 phases (phase 1: d 0 to 14, 5% SDPP; phase 2: d 14 to 28, 2.5% SDPP). Blood samples were collected on d 0 and weekly thereafter to quantify IgG, IgA, and total antioxidant capacity. On d 14, pigs (n = 16; 8 pigs/treatment) were selected and euthanized for small intestine tissue and alveolar macrophage collection. On d 7, pigs fed SDPP had greater ADG, ADFI (P = 0.001), and G:F (P = 0.019) compared with CTL pigs. On d 28, pigs fed SDPP had greater BW (P = 0.024) and tended to have greater ADG (P = 0.074) and ADFI (P = 0.062) compared with CTL pigs. There were no differences between treatments for serum IgG, IgA, and total antioxidant capacity. On d 14, greater villus height (P = 0.011) and villus:crypt (P = 0.008) were observed in duodenal tissue sections obtained from SDPP-fed pigs compared with CTL pigs. To evaluate effects of SDPP on immune biomarkers, alveolar macrophages collected from 3 pigs/treatment on d 14 were cultured in vitro and challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 ng/mL). Therefore, 4 treatments included 1) CTL diet with no LPS, 2) CTL diet with LPS (CTL+), 3) SDPP diet with no LPS, and 4) SDPP diet with LPS. There were no diet effects on tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression or secretion by alveolar macrophages. For IL-10 gene expression, a diet × LPS interaction (P = 0.009) was observed where CTL+ had greater (P < 0.05) IL-10 mRNA abundance compared with other treatments. A second experiment was conducted to evaluate the in vitro effects of porcine plasma using model porcine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The treatments applied to the IPEC-J2 cells were 1) CTL, 2) CTL + 10% porcine plasma, 3) CTL + 5% porcine plasma, 4) CTL + 2.5% porcine plasma, or 5) CTL + 5% fetal bovine serum. The addition of porcine plasma increased (P < 0.001) proliferation of IPEC-J2 cells at 24 and 48 h following exposure to the respective treatments. In conclusion, dietary SDPP increased growth performance of nursery pigs during the first week postweaning and provide benefits to gut morphology possibly via increased proliferation of enterocytes.
进行了两项试验，以评估喷雾干燥猪血浆（SDPP）对保育猪生长性能、免疫力、抗氧化能力和肠道形态的影响。在试验1中，将96头断奶仔猪（内布拉斯加母猪×丹系公猪；20±1日龄；初始体重=6.06±0.02千克）分配到16个栏中，并随机分为对照组（CTL；不添加SDPP）或CTL+SDPP处理组，分两个阶段进行（阶段1：第0至14天，5%SDPP；阶段2：第14至28天，2.5%SDPP）。在第0天及之后每周采集血样，以测定IgG、IgA和总抗氧化能力。在第14天，选择猪（n=16；每个处理8头猪）进行安乐死，以采集小肠组织和肺泡巨噬细胞。在第7天，与CTL组仔猪相比，饲喂SDPP的仔猪平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）更高（P=0.001），料重比（G:F）更好（P=0.019）。在第28天，与CTL组仔猪相比，饲喂SDPP的仔猪体重更大（P=0.024），且平均日增重（P=0.074）和平均日采食量（P=0.062）有增加趋势。各处理组血清IgG、IgA和总抗氧化能力无差异。在第14天，与CTL组仔猪相比，从饲喂SDPP的仔猪十二指肠组织切片中观察到绒毛高度更高（P=0.011），绒毛与隐窝比值更大（P=0.008）。为了评估SDPP对免疫生物标志物的影响，在第14天从每个处理的3头猪采集肺泡巨噬细胞，进行体外培养并用脂多糖（LPS；10纳克/毫升）刺激。因此，4种处理包括：1）不添加LPS的CTL日粮，2）添加LPS的CTL日粮（CTL+），3）不添加LPS的SDPP日粮，4）添加LPS的SDPP日粮。日粮对肺泡巨噬细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α基因表达或分泌无影响。对于白细胞介素-10基因表达，观察到日粮×LPS的交互作用（P=0.009），其中CTL+组白细胞介素-10 mRNA丰度高于其他处理组（P<0.05）。进行了第二项试验，以使用猪空肠上皮细胞系（IPEC-J2）评估猪血浆的体外作用。应用于IPEC-J2细胞的处理为：1）CTL，2）CTL+10%猪血浆，3）CTL+5%猪血浆，（续）4）CTL+2.5%猪血浆，或5）CTL+5%胎牛血清。添加猪血浆后，IPEC-J2细胞在暴露于相应处理后24小时和48小时的增殖增加（P<0.001）。总之，日粮中添加SDPP可提高断奶后第一周保育猪生长性能，并可能通过增加肠细胞增殖对肠道形态产生有益影响。
