Baum M
World J Surg. 1989 Nov-Dec;13(6):669-73. doi: 10.1007/BF01658412.
The patients attending a hospital breast clinic during 1 year have been reviewed to assess the impact and cost of benign conditions. Four of 5 patients referred do not have cancer. The cost to the patient lies predominantly in anxiety related to the possibility of cancer and, to a lesser extent, in cosmetic damage due to multiple biopsies. Benign breast disease is a common problem that creates severe anxiety in many women and a heavy burden on an overstretched National Health Service. A policy of reeducating general practitioners when it is safe not to refer may reduce this problem. Cyst aspiration or needle aspiration cytology may reduce the burden to both the patient and the health service, while desensitization of women's groups and women themselves to the needs for breast self-examination can also reduce this burden.
对一家医院乳腺门诊一年来就诊的患者进行了回顾性研究，以评估良性疾病的影响和成本。转诊的5名患者中有4名没有患癌症。患者的成本主要在于与癌症可能性相关的焦虑，其次是多次活检造成的外观损害。乳腺良性疾病是一个常见问题，给许多女性带来严重焦虑，也给不堪重负的国民医疗服务体系造成沉重负担。在安全可不转诊时对全科医生进行再培训的政策可能会减少这一问题。囊肿抽吸或针吸细胞学检查可能会减轻患者和医疗服务体系的负担，同时使女性群体及女性自身对乳房自我检查的必要性不再敏感也能减轻这一负担。
