Sousa Fernando Carlos, Schamber Christiano Rodrigues, Amorin Sandra Sheila Seron, Natali Maria Raquel Marçal
Coordenação de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil.
Auton Neurosci. 2014 Oct;185:93-9. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2014.08.001. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
Fumonisins are mycotoxins that naturally occur as contaminants in grains that are destined for animal and human consumption. These mycotoxins cause hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, immunotoxic, and neurotoxic effects in different intensities based on dose, time of exposure, and animal species. In the present study, male Wistar rats were fed between postnatal days 21 and 63 with diets that contained fumonisins B1+B2 at concentrations of 1 and 3mg/kg. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of fumonisins on food intake, growth, weight gain, serum activity of the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes, and quantitative and morphometric parameters of myenteric neurons in the jejunum that are immunoreactive to HuC/D protein and neuronal nitric oxide synthase enzyme (nNOS). Diets that contained fumonisins did not significantly alter food intake or body and blood parameters. We did not observe significant differences in the neuronal density and proportion of nitrergic neurons but found a significant reduction of cell body areas in both neuronal populations. This study is the first to report the effects of fumonisins in the enteric nervous system. The possible mechanisms by which fumonisins impair neuronal development and the use of the enteric nervous system as a tool for the study of the neurotoxic effects of fumonisins are discussed. In conclusion, fumonisin-containing food negatively affected the growth of myenteric neurons.
伏马菌素是一类霉菌毒素，天然存在于供动物和人类食用的谷物中，作为污染物存在。这些霉菌毒素根据剂量、接触时间和动物种类的不同，会产生不同强度的肝毒性、肾毒性、致癌性、致畸性、免疫毒性和神经毒性作用。在本研究中，雄性Wistar大鼠在出生后第21天至63天期间，被喂食含有浓度为1毫克/千克和3毫克/千克伏马菌素B1 + B2的饲料。本研究的目的是评估伏马菌素对食物摄入量、生长、体重增加、丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶的血清活性，以及空肠中对HuC/D蛋白和神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）免疫反应的肌间神经元的定量和形态学参数的影响。含有伏马菌素的饲料并未显著改变食物摄入量或身体及血液参数。我们未观察到神经元密度和含氮能神经元比例的显著差异，但发现这两种神经元群体的细胞体面积均显著减小。本研究首次报道了伏马菌素对肠神经系统的影响。文中讨论了伏马菌素损害神经元发育的可能机制，以及将肠神经系统作为研究伏马菌素神经毒性作用工具的应用。总之，含伏马菌素的食物对肌间神经元的生长产生了负面影响。
