Knutsen Helle-Katrine, Barregård Lars, Bignami Margherita, Brüschweiler Beat, Ceccatelli Sandra, Cottrill Bruce, Dinovi Michael, Edler Lutz, Grasl-Kraupp Bettina, Hogstrand Christer, Hoogenboom Laurentius Ron, Nebbia Carlo Stefano, Petersen Annette, Rose Martin, Roudot Alain-Claude, Schwerdtle Tanja, Vleminckx Christiane, Vollmer Günter, Wallace Heather, Dall'Asta Chiara, Gutleb Arno C, Humpf Hans-Ulrich, Galli Corrado, Metzler Manfred, Oswald Isabelle P, Parent-Massin Dominique, Binaglia Marco, Steinkellner Hans, Alexander Jan
EFSA J. 2018 Feb 23;16(2):e05172. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5172. eCollection 2018 Feb.
The EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) established a tolerable daily intake (TDI) for fumonisin B (FB ) of 1.0 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day based on increased incidence of megalocytic hepatocytes found in a chronic study with mice. The CONTAM Panel considered the limited data available on toxicity and mode of action and structural similarities of FB and found it appropriate to include FB , FB and FB in a group TDI with FB . Modified forms of FBs are phase I and phase II metabolites formed in fungi, infested plants or farm animals. Modified forms also arise from food or feed processing, and include covalent adducts with matrix constituents. Non-covalently bound forms are not considered as modified forms. Modified forms of FBs identified are hydrolysed FB (HFB ), partially hydrolysed FB (pHFB ), -(carboxymethyl)-FB (NCM-FB ), -(1-deoxy-d-fructos-1-yl)-FB (NDF-FB ), -fatty acyl FB , -fatty acyl FB and -palmitoyl-HFB . HFB , pHFB , NCM-FB and NDF-FB show a similar toxicological profile but are less potent than FB . Although data shows that -fatty acyl FBs are more toxic than FB , no data were available for -fatty acyl FBs and -fatty acyl FBs. The CONTAM Panel concluded that it was not appropriate to include modified FBs in the group TDI for FB . The uncertainty associated with the present assessment is high, but could be reduced provided more data are made available on occurrence, toxicokinetics and toxicity of FB and modified forms of FB .
欧洲食品安全局食物链污染物专家委员会（CONTAM）基于在小鼠慢性研究中发现的巨核肝细胞发生率增加，确定伏马菌素B（FB）的每日可耐受摄入量（TDI）为1.0微克/千克体重（bw）/天。CONTAM专家委员会考虑了关于毒性、作用模式以及FB结构相似性的有限数据，认为将FB、FB和FB纳入与FB的组TDI是合适的。FB的修饰形式是在真菌、受侵染植物或农场动物中形成的I相和II相代谢产物。修饰形式也源于食品或饲料加工，包括与基质成分的共价加合物。非共价结合形式不被视为修饰形式。已鉴定出的FB修饰形式有水解FB（HFB）、部分水解FB（pHFB）、-（羧甲基）-FB（NCM-FB）、-（1-脱氧-D-果糖-1-基）-FB（NDF-FB）、-脂肪酰基FB、-脂肪酰基FB和-棕榈酰-HFB。HFB、pHFB、NCM-FB和NDF-FB显示出相似的毒理学特征，但效力低于FB。尽管数据表明-脂肪酰基FB比FB毒性更大，但关于-脂肪酰基FB和-脂肪酰基FB的数据尚无可用。CONTAM专家委员会得出结论，将修饰后的FB纳入FB的组TDI是不合适的。当前评估的不确定性很高，但如果能获得更多关于FB及其修饰形式的发生率、毒代动力学和毒性的数据，不确定性可能会降低。
