Banga-Mingo Virginie, Waku-Kouomou Diane, Gody Jean Chrysostome, Esona Mathew D, Yetimbi Jean Fandema, Mbary-Daba Regis, Dahl Benjamin A, Dimanche Leon, Koyazegbe Thomas d'Aquin, Tricou Vianney, Cavallaro Kathleen F, Guifara Gilbert, Bowen Michael D, Gouandjika-Vasilache Ionela
Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic.
Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States.
Infect Genet Evol. 2014 Dec;28:476-9. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.023. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the immunization program of all countries. In the Central African Republic (CAR), sentinel surveillance for rotavirus gastroenteritis was established in 2011 by the Ministry of Health, with the support of the Surveillance en Afrique Centrale Project (SURVAC). The purpose of this study was to assess the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis and to identify rotavirus strains circulating in CAR before the introduction of rotavirus vaccine planned for this year, 2014.
One sentinel site and one laboratory at the national level were designated by the CAR Ministry of Health to participate in this surveillance system. Stool samples were collected from children who met the WHO rotavirus gastroenteritis case definition (WHO, 2006). The samples were first screened for group A rotavirus antigen by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and genotyping assays performed using a multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) technique.
Between October 2011 and September 2013, 438 stool samples were collected and analyzed for detection of rotavirus antigen; 206 (47%) were positive. Among the 160 (78%) that could be genotyped, G2P[6] was the predominant strain (47%) followed by G1P[8] (25%) and G2P[4] (13%).
Almost half of stool samples obtained from children hospitalized with gastroenteritis were positive for rotavirus. These baseline rotavirus surveillance data will be useful to health authorities considering rotavirus vaccine introduction and for evaluating the efficacy of rotavirus vaccine once it is introduced into the routine immunization system.
世界卫生组织（WHO）建议在所有国家的免疫规划中引入轮状病毒疫苗。在中非共和国（CAR），2011年在中非卫生监测项目（SURVAC）的支持下，卫生部建立了轮状病毒胃肠炎哨点监测。本研究的目的是评估轮状病毒胃肠炎的负担，并在计划于2014年引入轮状病毒疫苗之前，识别中非共和国流行的轮状病毒毒株。
中非共和国卫生部指定了一个哨点和一个国家级实验室参与该监测系统。从符合世界卫生组织轮状病毒胃肠炎病例定义（WHO，2006）的儿童中收集粪便样本。样本首先通过酶免疫测定（EIA）筛查A组轮状病毒抗原，并使用多重逆转录酶PCR（RT-PCR）技术进行基因分型检测。
2011年10月至2013年9月期间，共收集并分析了438份粪便样本以检测轮状病毒抗原；206份（47%）呈阳性。在160份（78%）可进行基因分型的样本中，G2P[6]是主要毒株（47%），其次是G1P[8]（25%）和G2P[4]（13%）。
从因胃肠炎住院的儿童中获得的粪便样本中，近一半轮状病毒呈阳性。这些轮状病毒监测基线数据将有助于考虑引入轮状病毒疫苗的卫生当局，并在轮状病毒疫苗引入常规免疫系统后评估其效果。
