Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Am J Gastroenterol. 2015 Feb;110(2):208-14. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2014.245. Epub 2014 Sep 9.
The use of recreational and medical marijuana is increasingly accepted by the general public in the United States. Along with growing interest in marijuana use has come an understanding of marijuana's effects on normal physiology and disease, primarily through elucidation of the human endocannabinoid system. Scientific inquiry into this system has indicated potential roles for marijuana in the modulation of gastrointestinal symptoms and disease. Some patients with gastrointestinal disorders already turn to marijuana for symptomatic relief, often without a clear understanding of the risks and benefits of marijuana for their condition. Unfortunately, that lack of understanding is shared by health-care providers. Marijuana's federal legal status as a Schedule I controlled substance has limited clinical investigation of its effects. There are also potential legal ramifications for physicians who provide recommendations for marijuana for their patients. Despite these constraints, as an increasing number of patients consider marijuana as a potential therapy for their digestive disorders, health-care providers will be asked to discuss the issues surrounding medical marijuana with their patients.
在美国，娱乐性和医用大麻的使用越来越被公众所接受。随着人们对大麻使用兴趣的增加，人们越来越了解大麻对正常生理和疾病的影响，主要是通过阐明人类内源性大麻素系统。对该系统的科学研究表明，大麻可能在调节胃肠道症状和疾病方面发挥作用。一些患有胃肠道疾病的患者已经转向大麻寻求症状缓解，而往往不清楚大麻对其病情的风险和益处。不幸的是，医疗保健提供者也存在这种缺乏了解的情况。大麻在联邦法律中被列为附表 I 受控物质，限制了对其影响的临床研究。为患者提供大麻使用建议的医生也可能面临潜在的法律后果。尽管存在这些限制，但随着越来越多的患者考虑将大麻作为治疗消化疾病的潜在疗法，医疗保健提供者将被要求与患者讨论医用大麻相关问题。
