Laboratory of Human Motor Control, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile.
Laboratory of Human Motor Control, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile.
Neural Regen Res. 2014 Apr 15;9(8):888-96. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.131612.
Two key characteristics of all virtual reality applications are interaction and immersion. Systemic interaction is achieved through a variety of multisensory channels (hearing, sight, touch, and smell), permitting the user to interact with the virtual world in real time. Immersion is the degree to which a person can feel wrapped in the virtual world through a defined interface. Virtual reality interface devices such as the Nintendo® Wii and its peripheral nunchuks-balance board, head mounted displays and joystick allow interaction and immersion in unreal environments created from computer software. Virtual environments are highly interactive, generating great activation of visual, vestibular and proprioceptive systems during the execution of a video game. In addition, they are entertaining and safe for the user. Recently, incorporating therapeutic purposes in virtual reality interface devices has allowed them to be used for the rehabilitation of neurological patients, e.g., balance training in older adults and dynamic stability in healthy participants. The improvements observed in neurological diseases (chronic stroke and cerebral palsy) have been shown by changes in the reorganization of neural networks in patients' brain, along with better hand function and other skills, contributing to their quality of life. The data generated by such studies could substantially contribute to physical rehabilitation strategies.
所有虚拟现实应用的两个关键特征是交互和沉浸感。系统交互是通过多种多感觉通道（听觉、视觉、触觉和嗅觉）实现的，允许用户实时与虚拟世界交互。沉浸感是指一个人通过定义的界面感受到被虚拟世界包围的程度。任天堂®Wii 及其周边 nunchuks-平衡板、头戴式显示器和操纵杆等虚拟现实接口设备允许在计算机软件创建的虚幻环境中进行交互和沉浸。虚拟环境具有高度交互性，在执行视频游戏时会极大地激活视觉、前庭和本体感觉系统。此外，它们对用户来说既有趣又安全。最近，将治疗目的纳入虚拟现实接口设备中，使得它们可用于神经患者的康复，例如老年人的平衡训练和健康参与者的动态稳定性。通过患者大脑中神经网络的重新组织以及手部功能和其他技能的改善，观察到了在神经疾病（慢性中风和脑瘫）方面的改善，这有助于提高他们的生活质量。此类研究生成的数据可以为物理康复策略做出重大贡献。
