Minelli Liliana, Pigini Claudia, Chiavarini Manuela, Bartolucci Francesco
Department of Economics, University of Perugia, Via A, Pascoli 20, 06120 Perugia, Italy.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Sep 12;14:946. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-946.
The considerable increase of non-standard labor contracts, unemployment and inactivity rates raises the question of whether job insecurity and the lack of job opportunities affect physical and mental well-being differently from being employed with an open-ended contract. In this paper we offer evidence on the relationship between self-reported health and the employment status in Italy using the Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW); another aim is to investigate whether these potential inequalities have changed with the recent economic downturn (time period 2006-2010).
We estimate an ordered logit model with self-reported health status (SRHS) as response variable based on a fixed-effects approach which has certain advantages with respect to the random-effects formulation: the fixed-effects nature of the model also allows us to solve the problems of incidental parameters and non-random selection of individuals into different labor market categories.
We find that temporary workers, first-job seekers and unemployed individuals are worse off than permanent employees, especially males, young workers, and those living in the center and south of Italy.
Health inequalities between permanent workers and job seekers widen over time for male and young workers, and arise in the north of the country as well.
非标准劳动合同、失业率和不活跃率的显著上升引发了一个问题，即工作不安全感和缺乏工作机会对身心健康的影响是否与签订无固定期限合同就业有所不同。在本文中，我们利用家庭收入和财富调查（SHIW）提供了关于意大利自我报告健康状况与就业状况之间关系的证据；另一个目的是调查这些潜在的不平等现象是否随着近期的经济衰退（2006 - 2010年期间）而发生了变化。
我们基于固定效应方法估计一个有序逻辑模型，将自我报告健康状况（SRHS）作为响应变量，该方法相对于随机效应模型具有某些优势：模型的固定效应性质还使我们能够解决附带参数问题以及个体非随机选择进入不同劳动力市场类别的问题。
我们发现临时工、初次求职者和失业人员的状况比长期雇员更差，尤其是男性、年轻工人以及居住在意大利中部和南部的人。
长期雇员和求职者之间的健康不平等在男性和年轻工人中随时间推移而扩大，并且在该国北部也出现了这种情况。
