Garwick Ann W, Svavarsdóttir Erla Kolbrun, Seppelt Ann M, Looman Wendy S, Anderson Lori S, Örlygsdóttir Brynja
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2015 Mar;71(3):535-46. doi: 10.1111/jan.12522. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
To identify and compare how school nurses in Reykjavik, Iceland and St. Paul, Minnesota coordinated care for youth with asthma (ages 10-18) and to develop an asthma school nurse care coordination model.
Little is known about how school nurses coordinate care for youth with asthma in different countries.
A qualitative descriptive study design using focus group data.
Six focus groups with 32 school nurses were conducted in Reykjavik (n = 17) and St. Paul (n = 15) using the same protocol between September 2008 and January 2009. Descriptive content analytic and constant comparison strategies were used to categorize and compare how school nurses coordinated care, which resulted in the development of an International School Nurse Asthma Care Coordination Model.
Participants in both countries spontaneously described a similar asthma care coordination process that involved information gathering, assessing risk for asthma episodes, prioritizing healthcare needs and anticipating and planning for student needs at the individual and school levels. This process informed how they individualized symptom management, case management and/or asthma education. School nurses played a pivotal part in collaborating with families, school and healthcare professionals to ensure quality care for youth with asthma.
Results indicate a high level of complexity in school nurses' approaches to asthma care coordination that were responsive to the diverse and changing needs of students in school settings. The conceptual model derived provides a framework for investigators to use in examining the asthma care coordination process of school nurses in other geographic locations.
识别并比较冰岛雷克雅未克和美国明尼苏达州圣保罗的学校护士如何为患有哮喘的青少年（10 - 18岁）协调护理，并开发一种哮喘学校护士护理协调模式。
对于不同国家的学校护士如何为患有哮喘的青少年协调护理，人们了解甚少。
采用焦点小组数据的定性描述性研究设计。
2008年9月至2009年1月期间，在雷克雅未克（n = 17）和圣保罗（n = 15）使用相同方案对32名学校护士进行了六个焦点小组访谈。使用描述性内容分析和持续比较策略对学校护士协调护理的方式进行分类和比较，从而开发出国际学校护士哮喘护理协调模式。
两国的参与者都自发描述了一个类似的哮喘护理协调过程，该过程包括信息收集、评估哮喘发作风险、确定医疗保健需求的优先级以及在个人和学校层面预测并规划学生需求。这一过程为他们如何进行个性化症状管理、病例管理和/或哮喘教育提供了依据。学校护士在与家庭、学校和医疗保健专业人员合作以确保为患有哮喘的青少年提供优质护理方面发挥了关键作用。
结果表明，学校护士在哮喘护理协调方法上具有高度复杂性，能够响应学校环境中学生多样化和不断变化的需求。所推导的概念模型为研究人员提供了一个框架，用于检查其他地理位置的学校护士的哮喘护理协调过程。
