Division of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Woman's Health, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway.
Acta Paediatr. 2013 Jan;102(1):47-52. doi: 10.1111/apa.12030. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) and eczema among children has increased worldwide in the last four decades, but recent studies disagree as to whether the prevalence is continuing to rise or is levelling off or declining. The aim of this study was to assess time trends in a subarctic population.
A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was carried out in 2008 among children aged 7-14 years in randomly selected schools in Nordland County, Norway (n = 4150). The results are compared with results from identical studies in 1985 (n = 4870) and 1995 (n = 4456).
The main findings were an increasing prevalence of asthma ever (7.3% in 1985 to 17.6% in 2008, p for trend < 0.001) and AR ever (15.9% in 1985 to 24.5% in 2008, p for trend < 0.001), while the prevalence of eczema ever, after an increase between 1985 and 1995, remained unchanged in the last time period. The prevalence of current disease doubled and trebled between 1995 and 2008 for all three diseases.
A repeated cross-sectional survey between 1985 and 2008 documented an increasing prevalence of asthma ever and AR ever among schoolchildren (7-14 years), together with a considerably increase in current asthma, AR and eczema between 1995 and 2008.
在过去的四十年中，儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻结膜炎（AR）和特应性皮炎的患病率在全球范围内有所增加，但最近的研究对于患病率是否仍在继续上升、持平还是下降存在分歧。本研究旨在评估亚北极地区的时间趋势。
2008 年，在挪威诺德兰郡随机选择的学校中，对 7-14 岁的儿童进行了横断面、基于问卷的调查（n=4150）。将结果与 1985 年（n=4870）和 1995 年（n=4456）相同研究的结果进行了比较。
主要发现是哮喘的患病率不断增加（1985 年为 7.3%，2008 年为 17.6%，趋势 p<0.001）和过敏性鼻结膜炎的患病率不断增加（1985 年为 15.9%，2008 年为 24.5%，趋势 p<0.001），而特应性皮炎的患病率在 1985 年至 1995 年之间增加后，在最近一段时间保持不变。在过去的一段时间里，所有三种疾病的当前疾病患病率都增加了一倍和两倍。
1985 年至 2008 年之间的重复横断面调查记录了学龄儿童（7-14 岁）哮喘和过敏性鼻结膜炎的患病率不断增加，以及 1995 年至 2008 年之间哮喘、过敏性鼻结膜炎和特应性皮炎的当前患病率显著增加。
