Dr. Muhammad Anees, MBBS, FCPS (Nephrology), Assistant Professor of Nephrology, Visiting Consultant Nephrologist, Shalamar Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Dr. Muzammil Riaz Malik, MBBS, Registrar Nephrology Department. King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Pak J Med Sci. 2014 Sep;30(5):1123-7. doi: 10.12669/pjms.305.5239.
The objective of the study was to determine the demographic factors affecting Quality Of Life (QOL) of hemodialysis (HD) patients.
This observational study was conducted at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. Patients of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and on maintenance HD for more than three months were included during the period March to June 2012. Patient of ESRD not on dialysis and Acute Renal Failure were excluded. One hundred and twenty five patients who fulfilled the criteria were included. Demographic data containing age, sex, residence, socio economic status, education, mode of traveling for dialysis, total time consumed in dialysis were collected by the investigators. QOL index was measured using 26 items, WHO QOL BREF.
There were 89(71.2%) male and 36(28.8%) female patients. Environmental domain score was highest (p=0.000) than all other domains in HD Patients. In overall analysis age, marital status and total time consumed in getting HD effect QOL significantly (p=<0.05). In domain wise analysis, male has better QOL in social relationship domain than female. Age has negative relationship with physical health and psychological health domain. QOL of unmarried and literate patients is significantly better (p=<0.05) in physical health domain. Employed patients have better QOL in physical, psychological and social relationship domain (p=<0.05) than unemployed patients. Patients of residence of rural areas have better QOL in physical and environment domain. Financial status of HD patients affect QOL in social domain. Distance covered to reach hospital effect QOL in psychological domain (p=<0.05). Patients traveling in private transport have better QOL in environmental domain (p=<0.05). Total time consumed in getting HD effect social relation in QOL (p=<0.05). According to linear regression model, marital status is positive predictor and unemployment is negative predictor of QOL in physical health domain. Age is negative predictor of QOL in psychological domain, monthly income is positive predictor of QOL in domain. Unemployment is positive predictor of QOL in social relation domain. Monthly income and place of residence is positive predictor of QOL in environment domain.
Gender, age, marital status, unemployment, residence of rural area, economical status, distance covered to reach hospital, mode of transport, total time consumed in getting HD, effect QOL in HD patient. Education level is a positive factor for improving QOL of HD patients.
本研究旨在确定影响血液透析（HD）患者生活质量（QOL）的人口统计学因素。
本观察性研究在拉合尔的沙拉玛尔医院进行。纳入 2012 年 3 月至 6 月期间患有终末期肾病（ESRD）并接受维持性 HD 治疗超过三个月的患者。排除未接受透析的 ESRD 患者和急性肾功能衰竭患者。符合标准的 125 名患者被纳入研究。研究者收集了人口统计学数据，包括年龄、性别、居住地、社会经济状况、教育程度、透析旅行方式以及透析总时间。使用 26 项项目，世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHO QOL BREF）测量 QOL 指数。
89 名（71.2%）患者为男性，36 名（28.8%）患者为女性。HD 患者的环境领域评分最高（p=0.000），优于其他所有领域。在总体分析中，年龄、婚姻状况和透析总时间对 QOL 有显著影响（p<0.05）。在域分析中，男性在社会关系域的 QOL 优于女性。年龄与身体健康和心理健康领域呈负相关。未婚和受过教育的患者在身体健康领域的 QOL 明显更好（p<0.05）。有工作的患者在身体、心理和社会关系领域的 QOL 明显优于无工作的患者（p<0.05）。农村地区患者的身体和环境领域的 QOL 较好。HD 患者的经济状况影响社会领域的 QOL。到达医院的距离影响心理领域的 QOL（p<0.05）。乘坐私人交通工具的患者在环境领域的 QOL 更好（p<0.05）。接受透析的总时间影响 QOL 的社会关系（p<0.05）。根据线性回归模型，婚姻状况是身体健康领域 QOL 的正预测因子，失业是负预测因子。年龄是心理领域 QOL 的负预测因子，月收入是领域的正预测因子。失业是社会关系领域 QOL 的正预测因子。月收入和居住地是环境领域 QOL 的正预测因子。
性别、年龄、婚姻状况、失业、农村地区居住、经济状况、到达医院的距离、交通方式、接受透析的总时间都会影响 HD 患者的 QOL。教育水平是提高 HD 患者 QOL 的积极因素。
