Warren Christopher M, Hyman James M, Seamans Jeremy K, Holroyd Clay B
Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
J Physiol Paris. 2015 Feb-Jun;109(1-3):87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2014.08.008. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
The feedback-related negativity (FRN) refers to a difference in the human event-related potential (ERP) elicited by feedback indicating success versus failure: the difference appears negative when subtracting the success ERP from the failure ERP (Miltner et al., 1997). Although source localization techniques (e.g., BESA) suggest that the FRN is produced in the ACC, the inverse problem (that any given scalp distribution can be produced by an infinite number of possible dipole configurations) limits the certainty of this conclusion. The inverse problem can be circumvented by directly recording from the ACC in animal models. Although a non-human primate homologue of the FRN has been observed in the macaque monkey (e.g. Emeric et al., 2008), a homologue of the FRN has yet to be identified in rodents. We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) directly from the ACC in 6 rodents in a task based on the FRN paradigm. The animals were trained to poke their nose into a lighted port and received a feedback smell indicating whether or not a reward pellet would drop 1.5s later. We observed a FRN-like effect time-locked to the feedback scent whereby the LFP to feedback predicting no-reward was significantly more negative than the LFP to feedback predicting reward. This deflection began on average 130ms before behavioral changes in response to the feedback. Thus, we provide the first evidence of the existence of a rodent homologue of the FRN.
反馈相关负波（FRN）是指由表明成功与失败的反馈所引发的人类事件相关电位（ERP）中的差异：当从失败ERP中减去成功ERP时，该差异呈现为负向（米尔特纳等人，1997年）。尽管源定位技术（例如，BESA）表明FRN产生于前扣带回，但逆问题（即任何给定的头皮分布都可能由无限数量的可能偶极配置产生）限制了这一结论的确定性。在动物模型中通过直接从前扣带回进行记录可以规避逆问题。尽管在猕猴中已观察到FRN的非人灵长类同源物（例如，埃默里克等人，2008年），但在啮齿动物中尚未鉴定出FRN的同源物。我们在6只啮齿动物中基于FRN范式的任务中直接从前扣带回记录了局部场电位（LFP）。训练动物将鼻子戳进一个亮着的端口，并在1.5秒后收到一种反馈气味，表明奖励颗粒是否会掉落。我们观察到一种与反馈气味时间锁定的类似FRN的效应，即预测无奖励的反馈的LFP比预测奖励的反馈的LFP显著更负。这种偏转平均在对反馈做出行为反应之前130毫秒开始。因此，我们提供了啮齿动物中存在FRN同源物的首个证据。
