Hussain Shabbir, Asghar Imran, Sabir Moin-ud-Din, Chattha Mazhar Nazir, Tarar Saba Haider, Mushtaq Rabia
J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 Jun;64(6):629-34.
To determine the prevalence and pattern of congenital malformations among neonates in a teaching hospital.
The prospective hospital-based study was conducted over a period of 18 months in the neonatal unit of Combined Military Hospital, Kharian, from September 2011 to February 2013. All neonates from newborn to 28 days of age admitted to the unit irrespective of their condition comprised the study population. Neonatal examination was done by the Registrar at the time of admission followed by neonatologist/paediatrician. Information regarding gender, weight, gestational age, mode of delivery, consanguinity, maternal age, antenatal visit record and family history were recorded on a predesigned proforma. After clinical examination, if required, relevant investigations like ultrasonography, radiology, echocardiography, laboratory and genetic studies were done to confirm diagnosis. Data was statistically analysed by using SPSS 20.
Out of 3,210 total admissions, 226 (7%) neonates were congenitally malformed. Of them, 130 (57.52%) were male and 96 (42.47%) females. Among different body systems affected, anomalies related to the central nervous system were 46 (20.35%) musculoskeletal 42 (18.58%), genitourinary 34 (15.04%), cardiovascular system 30 (13.27%), ear, eye, face, neck 27 (11.94%), digestive system 19 (8.40%), syndromes and skin 14 (6.19%) each.
Congenital Malformations are not rare in our community and central nervous system is the most commonly affected system. Healthcare managers must stress upon primary prevention in the form of vaccination, nutrition and drugs to decrease preventable share of congenital malformations.
确定一家教学医院新生儿先天性畸形的患病率及模式。
本前瞻性医院-based研究于2011年9月至2013年2月在哈里亚纳联合军事医院新生儿科进行，为期18个月。该科室收治的所有出生至28日龄的新生儿，无论其病情如何，均纳入研究人群。入院时由住院医生进行新生儿检查，随后由新生儿科医生/儿科医生进行检查。有关性别、体重、孕周、分娩方式、近亲结婚、母亲年龄、产前检查记录和家族史的信息记录在预先设计的表格上。临床检查后，如有需要，进行超声检查、放射学检查、超声心动图检查、实验室检查和基因研究等相关检查以确诊。数据使用SPSS 20进行统计学分析。
在3210例总入院病例中，226例（7%）新生儿患有先天性畸形。其中，130例（57.52%）为男性，96例（42.47%）为女性。在受影响的不同身体系统中，与中枢神经系统相关的畸形有46例（20.35%），肌肉骨骼系统42例（18.58%），泌尿生殖系统34例（15.04%），心血管系统30例（13.27%），耳、眼、面、颈部27例（11.94%），消化系统19例（8.40%），综合征和皮肤各14例（6.19%）。
先天性畸形在我们社区并不罕见，中枢神经系统是最常受影响的系统。医疗保健管理人员必须强调通过疫苗接种、营养和药物等形式进行一级预防，以减少先天性畸形中可预防的比例。
