Pattern and Risk Factors of Congenital Anomaly in Newborn in a Tertiary Level Private Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.

The cross sectional study was done to estimate the prevalence of various congenital malformations among the patients delivered in Community Based Medical College Hospital (CBMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh and corresponding risk factors were also studied from July 2014 to December 2015. A total of 2560 babies who were born at Community Based Medical College Hospital (CBMCH) were enrolled in this study. The newborn babies were examined and assessed for detection of congenital malformation, system wise distribution and risk factors attributable. Out of total 2560 deliveries, 2548 were live births and 12 were still birth. The total number of babies with congenital malformation was 52(2.03%). Four of the 52(7.69%) malformed babies were still born. Maternal age; like increased or low maternal age, maternal disease and drugs were found to have a higher risk of congenital anomalies. Alimentary system and head neck malformation (25%) were most common. All of the still birth babies were born with central nervous system (CNS) malformation. Central nervous system (21.2%), Cardiovascular (17.3%), Musculoskeletal (13.5%), Genitourinary (11.5%), Chromosomal (5.8%) and other (5.8%) abnormalities fall in descending order of frequency. Congenital anomalies are one of the major causes to infant mortality. The study shows the prevalence of congenital anomalies 20.3/1000 live birth and most commonly involved body systems were alimentary system and head neck trunk 13(25%). A good number of mothers have got some definite diseases like diabetes mellitus, infections and hypertension. Consanguinity of marriage and exposure to some drugs has some correlation with congenital malformation. Early diagnosis of diseases and proper counseling with the parents will help in early intervention and reduce mortality and morbidity of neonates.