Gillberg Christopher
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology - Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre Gothenburg, Sweden Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology - Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre Gothenburg, Sweden.
Lakartidningen. 2014 Sep 23;111(39):1643-6.
Co-existence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, tic disorders, developmental coordination disorder, language disorder, learning problems, and autism spectrum disorder and sharing of symptoms across disorders, contribute to the typical clinical presentation in child psychiatry as well as in developmental medicine. The acronym ESSENCE refers to Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations. Affected children are brought for clinical assessment because of impairing symptoms that raise concern before the age of about 5 years in general development, communication and language, social inter-relatedness, motor coordination, attention, activity, behaviour, mood, and/or sleep. Such children are usually in need of a range of expert assessments, but a holistic approach is rarely taken from the start. Major problems in at least one ESSENCE domain before 5 years of age predict poor mental health later in life. Expert ESSENCE centres for assessment, habilitation and treatment of these children are needed.
注意缺陷/多动障碍、对立违抗障碍、抽动障碍、发育性协调障碍、语言障碍、学习问题以及自闭症谱系障碍的共存，以及各障碍间症状的重叠，构成了儿童精神病学以及发育医学中典型的临床表现。首字母缩写词ESSENCE指的是引发神经发育临床检查的早期症状综合征。受影响儿童因在一般发育、沟通与语言、社会交往、运动协调、注意力、活动、行为、情绪和/或睡眠方面出现令人担忧的症状，在大约5岁之前前来进行临床评估。这类儿童通常需要一系列专业评估，但从一开始就很少采用整体方法。5岁之前至少在一个ESSENCE领域存在的主要问题预示着日后心理健康状况不佳。因此需要设立专门的ESSENCE中心，对这些儿童进行评估、 habilitation（此处可能有误，推测是habilitation，意为康复训练）和治疗。
