Bhalla Gaurav, Mhaskar Dhanesh, Agarwal Anubhav
Department of Medicine, Krishna Institution of Medical Sciences, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
Toxicol Int. 2014 May;21(2):203-8. doi: 10.4103/0971-6580.139811.
Snake bite is an important occupational and rural hazard because India has always been a land of Exotic snakes. In Maharashtra, common poisonous snakes are Cobra, Russell's Viper, Saw Scaled Viper, and Krait. It is a fact that inspite of heavy morbidity and mortality, very little attention is paid by the clinicians to this occupational hazard.
To study the prevalence of poisonous and non-poisonous snake bites in part of Western Maharashtra with reference to age, sex, occupation, part of body bitten, time of bite and seasonal variation, and the types of poisonous snakes common in this locality and their clinical manifestations along with the systemic envenomation from various types of poisonous snakes and their effective management in reducing the mortality rate.
This was a retrospective study conducted between May 2010 to May 2012 at a tertiary health care center in Maharashtra.
A total of 150 patients were studied in our hospital. Out of 150, 76 patients were of poisonous snake bite and 74 patients were of non-poisonous snake bite. Out of these 76 poisonous snake bites, 42 were viperine snake bites, 21 were neuroparalytic snake bites and 13 were locally toxic (LT) snake bites.
Snake bite is a common life-threatening emergency in the study area. Delay in hospitalization is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality rate due to consumptive coagulopathy, renal failure, and respiratory failure. Unusual complications like pulmonary edema, intracerebral hemorrhage, Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were observed in present study.
蛇咬伤是一项重要的职业和农村危害，因为印度一直是外来蛇类的栖息地。在马哈拉施特拉邦，常见的毒蛇有眼镜蛇、罗素蝰蛇、锯鳞蝰蛇和金环蛇。尽管发病率和死亡率很高，但临床医生对这种职业危害的关注却很少，这是一个事实。
研究马哈拉施特拉邦西部部分地区有毒和无毒蛇咬伤的患病率，涉及年龄、性别、职业、被咬身体部位、咬伤时间和季节变化，以及该地区常见的毒蛇种类及其临床表现，以及各种毒蛇的全身中毒情况及其在降低死亡率方面的有效管理。
这是一项于2010年5月至2012年5月在马哈拉施特拉邦一家三级医疗保健中心进行的回顾性研究。
我们医院共研究了150例患者。在这150例中，76例为毒蛇咬伤，74例为无毒蛇咬伤。在这76例毒蛇咬伤中，42例为蝰蛇咬伤，21例为神经麻痹性蛇咬伤，13例为局部毒性（LT）蛇咬伤。
在研究区域，蛇咬伤是一种常见的危及生命的紧急情况。住院延迟与预后不良以及因消耗性凝血病、肾衰竭和呼吸衰竭导致的死亡率增加有关。在本研究中观察到了肺水肿、脑出血、弥散性血管内凝血（DIC）等不寻常的并发症。
