Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Carbohydr Polym. 2014 Nov 26;113:249-55. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.07.023. Epub 2014 Jul 17.
The aim of present work was to isolate cellulose from cotton gin waste (CGW) and synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) from it. Scoured and bleached CGW was used to investigate the effects of temperature, reaction time, acid-base concentration on the physiology of the resultant cellulose polymer. The isolated cellulose from CGW was converted to CMC by etherification using sodium monochloroacetic acid and different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (5-40 g/100mL) were tested to get high quality product. The optimum condition for carboxymethylation was found to be 20 g/100mL NaOH which provided the highest viscosity and degree of substitution (DS=0.874). Isolated cellulose and CMC were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FT-IR analysis revealed that the produced cellulose was of very good quality. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis spotlighted crystalline nature of cellulose. SEM images showed rough structure of cellulose while that of the CMC had a smooth surface. This optimized method will be tested at pilot scale in collaboration with local industry.
本工作旨在从轧棉废料（CGW）中分离纤维素，并合成其羧甲基纤维素（CMC）。使用经过精炼和漂白的 CGW 来研究温度、反应时间、酸碱浓度对所得纤维素聚合物生理特性的影响。从 CGW 中分离出的纤维素通过醚化反应转化为 CMC，使用了不同浓度的一氯乙酸钠（NaOCl）和氢氧化钠（NaOH）（5-40 g/100mL）进行测试，以获得高质量的产品。发现羧甲基化的最佳条件是 20 g/100mL NaOH，其提供了最高的粘度和取代度（DS=0.874）。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对分离的纤维素和 CMC 进行了表征。FT-IR 分析表明，所制备的纤维素质量非常好。此外，X 射线衍射（XRD）分析突出了纤维素的结晶性质。SEM 图像显示纤维素具有粗糙的结构，而 CMC 的表面则很光滑。这种优化方法将与当地工业合作在中试规模上进行测试。
