Rungsimakan Supattra, Rowan Michael G
School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Phytochemistry. 2014 Dec;108:177-88. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.029. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
Three diterpenoids, 1-oxomicrostegiol (1), viroxocin (2), viridoquinone (3), were isolated from the roots of Salvia viridis L. cvar. Blue Jeans. Five known diterpenoids, microstegiol (4), 7α-acetoxy-14-hydroxy-8,13-abietadiene-11,12-dione (5; 7-O-acetylhorminone tautomer), 7α,14-dihydroxy-8,13-abietadiene-11,12-dione (6; horminone tautomer), ferruginol and salvinolonyl 12-methyl ether (7) were also found in the roots together with 1-docosyl ferulate (8), and a mixture of 2-(4'-alkoxyphenyl) ethyl alkanoates (9). Two lupane triterpenoids, 2α-acetoxy-lup-20(29)-en-3β-ol (10), and 3β-acetoxy-lup-20(29)-en-2α-ol (11) were found in the aerial parts together with known compounds, lup-20(29)-ene-2α,3β-diol (12), ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol glucoside. A known phenylpropanoid, trans-verbascoside (or acteoside; 13), was the main constituent in the polar fraction of the aerial part, and it is now reported in the genus Salvia for the first time. Other polyphenolic compounds were cis-verbascoside (14), leucosceptoside A (15), martynoside (16), caffeic acid, 6-O-caffeoyl-glucose (18), rosmarinic acid, salidroside, luteolin-7-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-galactopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-β-galactopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside, and apigenin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside. The structures were determined by 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS techniques. Compounds 6, 10, ferruginol, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid exhibited antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 775) with MIC 50 μM, 25 μM, 50 μM, 12.5 μM, 12.5 μM respectively. Ferruginol, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were also active against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6571), and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 2599) with MIC 12.5-50 μM. 4 was also active against S.aureus (ATCC 6571) with MIC 50 μM. These values are consistent with previous studies on the antimicrobial activity of Salvia diterpenoids.
从蓝花鼠尾草（Salvia viridis L. cvar. Blue Jeans）的根部分离出三种二萜类化合物，即1-氧代微柱鞘醇（1）、维罗星（2）、绿醌（3）。还在根部发现了五种已知的二萜类化合物，微柱鞘醇（4）、7α-乙酰氧基-14-羟基-8,13-松香二烯-11,12-二酮（5；7-O-乙酰基霍尔米酮互变异构体）、7α,14-二羟基-8,13-松香二烯-11,12-二酮（6；霍尔米酮互变异构体）、铁锈醇和12-甲基醚萨尔维诺酮（7），以及1-二十二烷基阿魏酸酯（8）和2-(4'-烷氧基苯基) 乙基链烷酸酯的混合物（9）。在地上部分发现了两种羽扇豆烷三萜类化合物，2α-乙酰氧基羽扇豆-20(29)-烯-3β-醇（10）和3β-乙酰氧基羽扇豆-20(29)-烯-2α-醇（11），以及已知化合物羽扇豆-20(29)-烯-2α,3β-二醇（12）、熊果酸、齐墩果酸、β-谷甾醇和β-谷甾醇葡萄糖苷。一种已知的苯丙素类化合物，反式毛蕊花糖苷（或洋丁香酚苷；13），是地上部分极性组分中的主要成分，且这是首次在鼠尾草属中报道。其他多酚类化合物有顺式毛蕊花糖苷（14）、白花败酱苷A（15）、紫葳苷（16）、咖啡酸、6-O-咖啡酰葡萄糖（18）、迷迭香酸、红景天苷、木犀草素-7-O-α-鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β-半乳糖苷、木犀草素-7-O-β-半乳糖苷、木犀草素-7-O-α-鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷和芹菜素-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷。通过一维、二维核磁共振和高分辨电喷雾电离质谱技术确定了这些化合物的结构。化合物6、10、铁锈醇、熊果酸和齐墩果酸对粪肠球菌（ATCC 775）表现出抗菌活性，其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为50 μM、25 μM、50 μM、12.5 μM、12.5 μM。铁锈醇、熊果酸和齐墩果酸对金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 6571）和蜡样芽孢杆菌（ATCC 2599）也有活性，MIC为12.5 - 50 μM。4对金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 6571）也有活性，MIC为50 μM。这些数值与先前关于鼠尾草二萜类化合物抗菌活性的研究结果一致。
