School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Molecules. 2022 May 20;27(10):3292. doi: 10.3390/molecules27103292.
Polyphenolic acids are the widely occurring natural products in almost each herbal plant, among which rosmarinic acid (RA, CHO) is well-known, and is present in over 160 species belonging to many families, especially the Lamiaceae. Aside from this herbal ingredient, dozens of its natural derivatives have also been isolated and characterized from many natural plants. In recent years, with the increasing focus on the natural products as alternative treatments, a large number of pharmacological studies have been carried out to demonstrate the various biological activities of RA such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-virus, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, etc. In addition, investigations concerning its biosynthesis, extraction, analysis, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics have also been performed. Although many achievements have been made in various research aspects, there still exist some problems or issues to be answered, especially its toxicity and bioavailability. Thus, we hope that in the case of natural products, the present review can not only provide a comprehensive understanding on RA covering its miscellaneous research fields, but also highlight some of the present issues and future perspectives worth investigating later, in order to help us utilize this polyphenolic acid more efficiently, widely, and safely.
多酚酸是几乎每种草本植物中广泛存在的天然产物，其中迷迭香酸（RA，CHO）是众所周知的，存在于 160 多种属于许多科的物种中，特别是唇形科。除了这种草药成分外，还有数十种其天然衍生物也从许多天然植物中分离出来并得到了鉴定。近年来，随着人们越来越关注天然产物作为替代疗法，大量的药理学研究已经开展，以证明 RA 的各种生物活性，如抗炎、抗氧化、抗糖尿病、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、神经保护、保肝等。此外，还对其生物合成、提取、分析、临床应用和药代动力学进行了研究。尽管在各个研究方面都取得了许多成就，但仍存在一些需要回答的问题或问题，特别是其毒性和生物利用度。因此，我们希望在天然产物的情况下，本综述不仅可以全面了解 RA 涵盖的各种研究领域，还可以突出一些当前的问题和未来值得进一步研究的观点，以帮助我们更有效地、广泛地、安全地利用这种多酚酸。
