Redmon Pamela, Koplan Jeffrey, Eriksen Michael, Li Shuyang, Kean Wang
School of Public Health, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3995, GA 30302, USA.
Global Health Institute, Emory University, 1599 Clifton Road NE, GA 30322, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Sep 26;11(10):10062-75. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111010062.
China is the epicenter of the global tobacco epidemic. China grows more tobacco, produces more cigarettes, makes more profits from tobacco and has more smokers than any other nation in the world. Approximately one million smokers in China die annually from diseases caused by smoking, and this estimate is expected to reach over two million by 2020. China cities have a unique opportunity and role to play in leading the tobacco control charge from the "bottom up". The Emory Global Health Institute-China Tobacco Control Partnership supported 17 cities to establish tobacco control programs aimed at changing social norms for tobacco use. Program assessments showed the Tobacco Free Cities grantees' progress in establishing tobacco control policies and raising public awareness through policies, programs and education activities have varied from modest to substantial. Lessons learned included the need for training and tailored technical support to build staff capacity and the importance of government and organizational support for tobacco control. Tobacco control, particularly in China, is complex, but the potential for significant public health impact is unparalleled. Cities have a critical role to play in changing social norms of tobacco use, and may be the driving force for social norm change related to tobacco use in China.
中国是全球烟草流行的中心。中国种植的烟草更多，生产的香烟更多，从烟草中获取的利润更多，吸烟者也比世界上任何其他国家都多。中国每年约有100万吸烟者死于吸烟所致疾病，预计到2020年这一数字将超过200万。中国城市在自下而上引领控烟行动方面有着独特的机遇和作用。埃默里全球健康研究所-中国控烟伙伴关系支持17个城市制定控烟项目，旨在改变烟草使用的社会规范。项目评估显示，无烟城市受资助方在制定控烟政策以及通过政策、项目和教育活动提高公众意识方面取得的进展程度不一，有小有大。汲取的经验教训包括需要开展培训和提供量身定制的技术支持以建设工作人员能力，以及政府和组织支持控烟的重要性。控烟工作，尤其是在中国，情况复杂，但对公众健康产生重大影响的潜力是无与伦比的。城市在改变烟草使用的社会规范方面可发挥关键作用，可能成为推动中国烟草使用社会规范改变的驱动力。
