Kajale Neha, Khadilkar Anuradha, Chiponkar Shashi, Unni Jyothi, Mansukhani Nina
Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India.
Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, India.
Nutrition. 2014 Nov-Dec;30(11-12):1360-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 Apr 19.
During lactation, traditional food supplements (TFS) are commonly consumed in India to increase lactation performance and health of mothers. TFS are rich in fats, nuts, dry fruits, and sugars and indulging in such supplements for 3 to 6 mo postpartum may put the mother at risk for obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the nutrient quality of TFS and its effect on nutritional status of lactating mothers and infant's weight gain in first 6 mo after delivery.
A random sample of 125 Indian urban lactating mothers (28.9 ± 3.2 y) was assessed within 6 mo postpartum for anthropometry, diet by 24-h recall on 3 random days, along with socioeconomic factors, lactation history, and infant's birth weight and current weight.
Among 18 different TFS, 50% TFS were rich in calcium, 33% rich in iron, 38% in zinc, and only 13% were good sources of vitamins. Mothers consuming TFS (n = 75) had significantly higher fat intakes than mothers consuming no TFS Supplements (NTS; n = 50). A higher weight gain was seen in TFS mothers (10.5%) than NTS mothers (8.8%) after adjusting for number of days after delivery, parity, mother's age, and breast-feeding practices (P < 0.05). Percent weight gain in infants of TFS mothers (120.7% ± 7.3%) was higher than in infants of NTS mothers (96.2% ± 7.8%; P = 0.024) after adjusting for infant's age and mother's breast-feeding practices.
TFS may be modified to increase its micronutrient quality and to reduce fat contents with the goal of reducing the risk for obesity in mothers, while still benefiting infant growth.
在印度，哺乳期女性通常会食用传统食物补充剂（TFS）来提高泌乳量以及促进自身健康。TFS富含脂肪、坚果、干果和糖类，产后3至6个月食用此类补充剂可能会使母亲面临肥胖风险。本研究旨在评估TFS的营养质量及其对哺乳期母亲营养状况和产后前6个月婴儿体重增加的影响。
随机抽取125名印度城市哺乳期母亲（28.9±3.2岁），在产后6个月内对其进行人体测量，并通过连续3天随机的24小时饮食回顾来评估饮食情况，同时收集社会经济因素、哺乳史以及婴儿出生体重和当前体重等信息。
在18种不同的TFS中，50%的TFS富含钙，33%富含铁，38%富含锌，只有13%是维生素的优质来源。食用TFS的母亲（n = 75）的脂肪摄入量显著高于未食用TFS补充剂的母亲（NTS；n = 50）。在调整分娩后天数、胎次、母亲年龄和母乳喂养方式后，食用TFS的母亲体重增加比例（10.5%）高于未食用TFS的母亲（8.8%）（P < 0.05）。在调整婴儿年龄和母亲母乳喂养方式后，食用TFS的母亲所生婴儿的体重增加百分比（120.7%±7.3%）高于未食用TFS的母亲所生婴儿（96.2%±7.8%；P = 0.024）。
可以对TFS进行改良，以提高其微量营养素质量并降低脂肪含量，从而在有益于婴儿生长的同时降低母亲肥胖的风险。
