Merrifield Christien J, Kaksonen Marko
Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3082, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014 Oct 3;6(11):a016733. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016733.
Up to 60 different proteins are recruited to the site of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in an ordered sequence. These accessory proteins have roles during all the different stages of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. First, they participate in the initiation of the endocytic event, thereby determining when and where endocytic vesicles are made; later they are involved in the maturation of the clathrin coat, recruitment of specific cargo molecules, bending of the membrane, and finally in scission and uncoating of the nascent vesicle. In addition, many of the accessory components are involved in regulating and coupling the actin cytoskeleton to the endocytic membrane. We will discuss the different accessory components and their various roles. Most of the data comes from studies performed with cultured mammalian cells or yeast cells. The process of endocytosis is well conserved between these different organisms, but there are also many interesting differences that may shed light on the mechanistic principles of endocytosis.
多达60种不同的蛋白质会按有序序列被募集到网格蛋白介导的内吞作用位点。这些辅助蛋白在网格蛋白介导的内吞作用的所有不同阶段都发挥作用。首先，它们参与内吞事件的起始，从而决定何时何地形成内吞小泡；之后它们参与网格蛋白包被的成熟、特定货物分子的募集、膜的弯曲，最后参与新生小泡的切割和解包被。此外，许多辅助成分还参与调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架并将其与内吞膜偶联。我们将讨论不同的辅助成分及其各种作用。大多数数据来自对培养的哺乳动物细胞或酵母细胞进行的研究。内吞过程在这些不同的生物体之间保守性良好，但也存在许多有趣的差异，这可能有助于阐明内吞作用的机制原理。
