Roberson Emily K, Patrick Walter K, Hurwitz Eric L
Hawai'i State Department of Health, Honolulu, HI (EKR).
Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2014 Sep;73(9):283-7.
Recreational use of marijuana is relatively common in the United States, and medicinal use is gaining popular and legal support. Marijuana has been proposed as a potential treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum. Research into this topic is complicated by associations between marijuana use and poor birth outcomes. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, which can cause severe nausea and vomiting in marijuana users, is another complicating factor. Hawai'i Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data from 4,735 respondents were used to estimate prevalence of self-reported marijuana use during and in the month before pregnancy, as well as severe nausea during pregnancy. Data were weighted to be representative of all pregnancies resulting in live births in Hawai'i between 2009 and 2011. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to estimate associations. Of recently-pregnant women in Hawai'i, 6.0% reported using marijuana in the month before pregnancy, and 2.6% reported using marijuana during pregnancy. Approximately 21.2% reported severe nausea during pregnancy. Women who reported severe nausea during pregnancy were significantly more likely to report marijuana use during pregnancy (3.7% vs 2.3%; PR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.08-2.44). More research is needed to investigate the relationship between marijuana use and severe nausea during pregnancy, and to quantify associated risks to mother and fetus.
在美国，消遣性使用大麻相对普遍，而药用大麻正获得越来越多的民众支持且在法律上得到认可。大麻已被提议作为妊娠剧吐的一种潜在治疗方法。由于大麻使用与不良分娩结局之间存在关联，对这一主题的研究变得复杂。大麻素呕吐综合征会导致大麻使用者出现严重恶心和呕吐，这是另一个复杂因素。夏威夷妊娠风险评估监测系统利用4735名受访者的数据，来估计在孕期及孕前一个月自我报告的大麻使用情况，以及孕期严重恶心的发生率。数据经过加权处理，以代表2009年至2011年间夏威夷所有活产妊娠情况。计算患病率比（PR）和95%置信区间（CI）以估计关联性。在夏威夷近期怀孕的女性中，6.0%报告在孕前一个月使用过大麻，2.6%报告在孕期使用过大麻。约21.2%报告在孕期出现严重恶心。报告孕期严重恶心的女性在孕期使用大麻的可能性显著更高（3.7%对2.3%；PR = 1.63，95% CI：1.08 - 2.44）。需要开展更多研究来调查孕期大麻使用与严重恶心之间的关系，并量化对母亲和胎儿的相关风险。
