Foshee Vangie A, McNaughton Reyes Luz, Tharp Andra T, Chang Ling-Yin, Ennett Susan T, Simon Thomas R, Latzman Natasha E, Suchindran Chiravath
Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
J Adolesc Health. 2015 Jan;56(1):106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.08.003. Epub 2014 Oct 3.
Peers and dates are common targets of adolescent violence. Prevention programs typically address either peer violence (PV) or dating violence (DV) but not both. However, if PV and DV share predictors, prevention strategies could target both behaviors, yielding economic and time efficiencies. Longitudinal data were examined to determine the extent to which physical PV and DV shared predictors. Guided by social learning and social control theories, both risk and protective factors were examined at multiple levels of the social ecology.
Adolescents in the eighth through 10th grades in three North Carolina counties completed self-administered questionnaires in school in the fall 2003 (Wave 1) and again in spring 2004 (Wave 2) (n = 4,227). The sample was 48% male; 55% white, 33% black, and 12% of other race/ethnicity. A generalized estimating equations approach used adjusted standard errors to account for the correlation between the two violence outcomes.
For both boys and girls, anger, family conflict, and having models of deviant behavior in the school were shared risk factors, and holding prosocial beliefs was a shared protective factor. For girls, anxiety and having models of deviant behavior in the neighborhood were additional shared risk factors. For boys, heavy alcohol use was an additional shared risk factor and parental monitoring was an additional shared protective factor.
Findings can inform the development of comprehensive cross-cutting prevention strategies at multiple levels of the social ecology designed to prevent both types of violence.
同伴和约会对象是青少年暴力行为常见的目标群体。预防项目通常只针对同伴暴力（PV）或约会暴力（DV）其中之一，而非两者兼顾。然而，如果同伴暴力和约会暴力有共同的预测因素，那么预防策略就可以同时针对这两种行为，从而提高经济效率和时间效率。本研究通过纵向数据来确定身体暴力形式的同伴暴力和约会暴力在多大程度上共享预测因素。在社会学习理论和社会控制理论的指导下，我们在社会生态的多个层面考察了风险因素和保护因素。
北卡罗来纳州三个县的八年级至十年级青少年于2003年秋季（第1波）在学校完成了自填式问卷，2004年春季（第2波）再次进行了调查（n = 4227）。样本中48%为男性；55%为白人，33%为黑人，12%为其他种族/族裔。采用广义估计方程方法，使用调整后的标准误来考虑两种暴力结果之间的相关性。
对于男孩和女孩来说，愤怒、家庭冲突以及在学校有越轨行为榜样都是共同的风险因素，而持有亲社会信念是共同的保护因素。对于女孩来说，焦虑以及在社区有越轨行为榜样是额外的共同风险因素。对于男孩来说，大量饮酒是额外的共同风险因素，而父母的监督是额外的共同保护因素。
研究结果可为制定社会生态多个层面的综合性交叉预防策略提供参考，以预防这两种类型的暴力行为。
