Gelcich Stefan, Buckley Paul, Pinnegar John K, Chilvers Jason, Lorenzoni Irene, Terry Geraldine, Guerrero Matias, Castilla Juan Carlos, Valdebenito Abel, Duarte Carlos M
Laboratorio Internacional en Cambio Global and Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
Marine Climate Change Centre, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 OHT, United Kingdom;
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Oct 21;111(42):15042-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1417344111. Epub 2014 Oct 6.
Numerous international bodies have advocated the development of strategies to achieve the sustainability of marine environments. Typically, such strategies are based on information from expert groups about causes of degradation and policy options to address them, but these strategies rarely take into account assessed information about public awareness, concerns, and priorities. Here we report the results of a pan-European survey of public perceptions about marine environmental impacts as a way to inform the formation of science and policy priorities. On the basis of 10,106 responses to an online survey from people in 10 European nations, spanning a diversity of socioeconomic and geographical areas, we examine the public's informedness and concern regarding marine impacts, trust in different information sources, and priorities for policy and funding. Results show that the level of concern regarding marine impacts is closely associated with the level of informedness and that pollution and overfishing are two areas prioritized by the public for policy development. The level of trust varies greatly among different information sources and is highest for academics and scholarly publications but lower for government or industry scientists. Results suggest that the public perceives the immediacy of marine anthropogenic impacts and is highly concerned about ocean pollution, overfishing, and ocean acidification. Eliciting public awareness, concerns, and priorities can enable scientists and funders to understand how the public relates to marine environments, frame impacts, and align managerial and policy priorities with public demand.
众多国际机构都倡导制定战略以实现海洋环境的可持续性。通常，此类战略基于专家小组提供的有关退化原因及应对政策选项的信息，但这些战略很少考虑到有关公众意识、关切和优先事项的评估信息。在此，我们报告一项泛欧洲公众对海洋环境影响认知的调查结果，以此为科学和政策优先事项的形成提供参考。基于来自10个欧洲国家、涵盖不同社会经济和地理区域的人们对一项在线调查的10106份回复，我们考察了公众对海洋影响的了解程度和关注程度、对不同信息来源的信任度以及政策和资金的优先事项。结果表明，对海洋影响的关注程度与了解程度密切相关，污染和过度捕捞是公众认为应优先制定政策的两个领域。不同信息来源的信任度差异很大，对学者和学术出版物的信任度最高，而对政府或行业科学家的信任度较低。结果表明，公众意识到海洋人为影响的紧迫性，并高度关注海洋污染、过度捕捞和海洋酸化。了解公众的意识、关切和优先事项能够使科学家和资助者理解公众与海洋环境的关系、界定影响，并使管理和政策优先事项与公众需求保持一致。
