Nantarat Nattawadee, Wade Christopher M, Jeratthitikul Ekgachai, Sutcharit Chirasak, Panha Somsak
Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 9;9(10):e109785. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109785. eCollection 2014.
A high degree of intraspecific variation, both genetic and in shell morphology, of the operculate land snail Cyclophorus fulguratus (Pfeiffer, 1854) suggests that its classification as a single species warrants reconsideration. We sequenced two nuclear (18S and 28S) and two mitochondrial (16S and COI) genes of 46 C. fulguratus specimens and used them to estimate the phylogeny and to determine the validity of species boundaries. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of three lineages corresponding to three geographically disjunctive populations of C. fulguratus in Thailand. Likelihood tests of topologies significantly supported the non-monophyly of the C. fulguratus-complex and Bayesian species delimitation analysis significantly supported the potential representation as distinct species of these three lineages. Discriminant function analysis based on geometric-morphometrics of shell shape allowed for significant distinction of these three candidate species, although they revealed a considerable degree of overlap of shell shape reflecting their crypsis morphologically. The diagnostic characters are provided by color pattern, pattern of protoconch and pattern of jaw. In conclusion, the results support that the C. fulguratus s.l., as currently recognized, consists of three distinct species in Thailand: C. fulguratus s.s., C. rangunensis and C. abditus sp.nov., which are described herein.
有盖陆地蜗牛Cyclophorus fulguratus(Pfeiffer,1854)在种内具有高度的遗传和壳形态变异,这表明将其归为单一物种的分类值得重新考虑。我们对46个C. fulguratus标本的两个核基因(18S和28S)和两个线粒体基因(16S和COI)进行了测序,并利用它们来估计系统发育并确定物种界限的有效性。分子系统发育分析揭示了泰国C. fulguratus的三个地理上不连续的种群对应着三个谱系。拓扑结构的似然性检验显著支持C. fulguratus复合体的非单系性,贝叶斯物种界定分析显著支持这三个谱系可能代表不同的物种。基于壳形状的几何形态测量的判别函数分析能够显著区分这三个候选物种,尽管它们显示出壳形状有相当程度的重叠,这在形态上反映了它们的拟态。诊断特征由颜色模式、原壳模式和颚模式提供。总之,结果支持目前所认可的C. fulguratus s.l.在泰国由三个不同的物种组成:指名亚种C. fulguratus s.s.、C. rangunensis和新物种C. abditus sp.nov.,本文对它们进行了描述。