Mwale Marizvikuru, Masika Patrick Julius
Institute for Rural Development, University of Venda, P. Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa,
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2015 Jan;47(1):131-8. doi: 10.1007/s11250-014-0696-0. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
The study was conducted to determine the anthelmintic efficacy of Aloe ferox, Agave sisalana, and Gunnera perpensa against Heterakis gallinarum in village chickens. The chickens naturally infected with H. gallinarum were randomly divided into 14 groups of eight chickens and orally administered distilled water (negative control), mebendazole (positive control), and graded levels (50-, 100-, 200-, and 400-mg/kg doses) of the three plant extracts. At days 0, 7, and 14, the floatation technique was used to determine fecal egg counts and H. gallinarum worms from chicken ceca were counted at days 0 and 14. Egg count reduction percentage (ECR%) was high at day 7 for all the test materials except for A. sisalana (100 mg/kg) that had 33%. At day 14, ECR% was high for all the other test materials save for A. ferox (200 mg/kg), mebendazole, and distilled water which was 50, 32, and 50%, respectively. A. ferox (200 mg/kg), G. perpensa (200 and 400 mg/kg), and A. sisalana (50 and 100 mg/kg) had the highest (85, 78, 74, 86, and 73%, respectively) worm count reduction percentage. The plants had anthelmintic properties. Advocacy and utilization of these plants in improving the health of village chickens could lead to increased productivity, boosting profits for the poultry industry thereby enabling it to meet the supply of animal protein and enhance livelihoods. It is imperative to determine compounds in the crude extracts of these medicinal plants which are responsible for the anthelmintic activities and their mechanism of action.
本研究旨在确定开普芦荟、剑麻和垂序叶贡纳草对乡村鸡体内鸡异刺线虫的驱虫效果。将自然感染鸡异刺线虫的鸡随机分为14组,每组8只,分别口服蒸馏水(阴性对照)、甲苯达唑(阳性对照)以及三种植物提取物的不同剂量水平(50、100、200和400毫克/千克)。在第0、7和14天,采用漂浮法测定粪便虫卵计数,并在第0天和第14天对鸡盲肠中的鸡异刺线虫进行计数。除剑麻(100毫克/千克)的虫卵计数减少率为33%外,所有受试材料在第7天的虫卵计数减少率均较高。在第14天,除开普芦荟(200毫克/千克)、甲苯达唑和蒸馏水的虫卵计数减少率分别为50%、32%和50%外,所有其他受试材料的虫卵计数减少率均较高。开普芦荟(200毫克/千克)、垂序叶贡纳草(200和400毫克/千克)以及剑麻(50和100毫克/千克)的虫体计数减少率最高(分别为85%、78%、74%、86%和73%)。这些植物具有驱虫特性。宣传和利用这些植物改善乡村鸡的健康状况可提高生产力,增加家禽业利润,从而满足动物蛋白供应并改善生计。必须确定这些药用植物粗提物中负责驱虫活性的化合物及其作用机制。