Sun J, Lucas R M, Harrison S, van der Mei I, Armstrong B K, Nowak M, Brodie A, Kimlin M G
AusSun Research Laboratory, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2014 Dec;13(12):1711-8. doi: 10.1039/c4pp00322e. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
Despite the widespread use of ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) as a proxy measure of personal exposure to UVR, the relationship between the two is not well-defined. This paper examines the effects of season and latitude on the relationship between ambient UVR and personal UVR exposure. We used data from the AusD Study, a multi-centre cross-sectional study among Australian adults (18-75 years), where personal UVR exposure was objectively measured using polysulphone dosimeters. Data were analysed for 991 participants from 4 Australian cities of different latitude: Townsville (19.3°S), Brisbane (27.5°S), Canberra (35.3°S) and Hobart (42.8°S). Daily personal UVR exposure varied from 0.01 to 21 Standard Erythemal Doses (median = 1.1, IQR: 0.5-2.1), on average accounting for 5% of the total available ambient dose. There was an overall positive correlation between ambient UVR and personal UVR exposure (r = 0.23, p < 0.001). However, the correlations varied according to season and study location: from strong correlations in winter (r = 0.50) and at high latitudes (Hobart, r = 0.50; Canberra, r = 0.39), to null or even slightly negative correlations, in summer (r = 0.01) and at low latitudes (Townsville, r = -0.06; Brisbane, r = -0.16). Multiple regression models showed significant effect modification by season and location. Personal exposure fraction of total available ambient dose was highest in winter (7%) and amongst Hobart participants (7%) and lowest in summer (1%) and in Townsville (4%). These results suggest season and latitude modify the relationship between ambient UVR and personal UVR exposure. Ambient UVR may not be a good indicator for personal exposure dose under some circumstances.
尽管环境紫外线辐射（UVR）被广泛用作个人紫外线辐射暴露的替代指标，但两者之间的关系并不明确。本文研究了季节和纬度对环境紫外线辐射与个人紫外线辐射暴露之间关系的影响。我们使用了澳大利亚成人（18 - 75岁）多中心横断面研究AusD Study的数据，其中个人紫外线辐射暴露通过聚砜剂量计进行客观测量。对来自澳大利亚4个不同纬度城市的991名参与者的数据进行了分析：汤斯维尔（南纬19.3°）、布里斯班（南纬27.5°）、堪培拉（南纬35.3°）和霍巴特（南纬42.8°）。每日个人紫外线辐射暴露范围为0.01至21标准红斑剂量（中位数 = 1.1，四分位距：0.5 - 2.1），平均占总可用环境剂量的5%。环境紫外线辐射与个人紫外线辐射暴露之间总体呈正相关（r = 0.23，p < 0.001）。然而，相关性因季节和研究地点而异：冬季（r = 0.50）和高纬度地区（霍巴特，r = 0.50；堪培拉，r = 0.39）的相关性较强，而夏季（r = 0.01）和低纬度地区（汤斯维尔，r = -0.06；布里斯班，r = -0.16）的相关性为零甚至略呈负相关。多元回归模型显示季节和地点有显著的效应修正。冬季（7%）和霍巴特参与者中（7%）总可用环境剂量的个人暴露比例最高，夏季（1%）和汤斯维尔（4%）最低。这些结果表明季节和纬度会改变环境紫外线辐射与个人紫外线辐射暴露之间的关系。在某些情况下，环境紫外线辐射可能不是个人暴露剂量的良好指标。
