Han Sang Youb, Hong Jae Won, Noh Jung Hyun, Kim Dong-Jun
Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 14;9(10):e109073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109073. eCollection 2014.
Sodium intake and albuminuria have important roles in blood pressure and renal progression. Although their relationship has been reported, the results have not been consistent and all studies have examined small populations.
This study investigated the role of the estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion as a marker of sodium intake and albuminuria.
This investigation included 5,187 individuals age 19 years and older from a cross-sectional, nationally representative, stratified survey: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-2), in 2011. Albuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin/creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. The 24-h urinary sodium excretion was estimated from a spot urine.
On classifying our participants into quartiles based on the estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion, the prevalence of albuminuria increased with the 24-h urinary sodium excretion (5.3, 5.7, 7.5, and 11.8% in the first through fourth quartiles, respectively, p for trend <0.001). Even after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, the significance persisted. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, the second and third quartiles of the estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion were not associated with the presence of albuminuria with the first quartile as a control. However, the fourth quartile was significantly associated with the presence of albuminuria (odds ratio 1.61 [95% confidence interval 1.71-2.21], p = 0.003) after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension.
These findings suggest that salt intake is associated with the presence of albuminuria in the general Korean adult population.
钠摄入量和蛋白尿在血压及肾脏病变进展中起重要作用。尽管它们之间的关系已有报道，但结果并不一致，且所有研究的样本量都较小。
本研究探讨估算的24小时尿钠排泄作为钠摄入和蛋白尿标志物的作用。
本调查纳入了2011年韩国全国健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES V-2）中5187名19岁及以上具有全国代表性的分层横断面调查对象。蛋白尿定义为尿白蛋白/肌酐比值≥30mg/g。通过随机尿样估算24小时尿钠排泄量。
根据估算的24小时尿钠排泄量将参与者分为四分位数，蛋白尿患病率随24小时尿钠排泄量增加而升高（第一至第四四分位数分别为5.3%、5.7%、7.5%和11.8%，趋势p<0.001）。即使在调整年龄、性别、糖尿病、肥胖和高血压因素后，这种显著性仍然存在。在多因素logistic回归分析中，以第一四分位数为对照，估算的24小时尿钠排泄量的第二和第三四分位数与蛋白尿的存在无关。然而，在调整年龄、性别、糖尿病、肥胖和高血压因素后，第四四分位数与蛋白尿的存在显著相关（比值比1.61[95%置信区间1.71 - 2.21]，p = 0.003）。
这些发现表明，在韩国普通成年人群中，盐摄入量与蛋白尿的存在有关。
