Chen X, Naehrer K, Applegate T J
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906.
Biomin Research Center, Tulln, Austria.
Poult Sci. 2016 Jun 1;95(6):1312-25. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew022. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
A 20-day trial was conducted to determine the impact of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and dietary protein concentration on performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut health in broiler chicks. The 6 dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with 3 crude protein (CP) concentrations (16, 22, and 26%) with or without 1.5 mg/kg AFB1 Each diet was fed to 6 replicate cages (6 chicks per cage) from zero to 20 d of age. Endogenous N and amino acid loss were estimated from birds fed a N-free diet with or without 1.5 mg/kg AFB1 A significant interaction between AFB1 and CP concentration was observed for growth performance, where reduction of BW gain, feed intake, gain:feed ratio, and breast muscle weight by AFB1 were most profound in birds fed the 16%-CP diet, and were completely eliminated when birds were fed the 26%-CP diet (AFB1 by CP interaction; P ≤ 0.023). Similarly, AFB1 reduced serum albumin, total protein, and globulin concentrations in birds fed 16 and 22% CP diets, but not in those fed the 26%-CP (AFB1 by CP interaction; P ≤ 0.071). Gut permeability was increased in birds fed AFB1-contamiated diets as measured by serum lactulose/rhamnose ratio (main effect; P = 0.04). Additionally, AFB1 tended to increase endogenous N loss (P = 0.09), and significantly reduced apparent ileal digestible energy and standardized ileal N and amino acid digestibility in birds fed the 16%-CP diet, while birds fed higher dietary CP were not affected (AFB1 by CP interaction; P ≤ 0.01). Further, AFB1 increased the translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4EBP1), claudin1, and multiple jejunal amino acid transporters expression (main effect; P ≤ 0.04). Results from this study indicate that a 1.5 mg AFB1/kg diet significantly impairs growth, major serum biochemistry measures, gut barrier, endogenous loss, and energy and amino acid digestibility. Aflatoxicosis can be augmented by low dietary CP, while higher dietary CP completely eliminated the impairment of performance, serum proteins, and nutrient digestibility from aflatoxicosis in zero to 20 d broiler chicks.
进行了一项为期20天的试验，以确定黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）和日粮蛋白质浓度对肉鸡生长性能、养分消化率和肠道健康的影响。6种日粮处理采用2×3析因设计，有3种粗蛋白（CP）浓度（16%、22%和26%），添加或不添加1.5mg/kg AFB1。每种日粮从0至20日龄饲喂6个重复笼（每笼6只鸡）。通过给饲喂无氮日粮且添加或不添加1.5mg/kg AFB1的鸡只估计内源性氮和氨基酸损失。观察到AFB1和CP浓度之间对生长性能存在显著交互作用，其中AFB1对体重增加、采食量、增重：采食量比值和胸肌重量的降低在饲喂16%CP日粮的鸡中最为明显，而在饲喂26%CP日粮的鸡中则完全消除（AFB1×CP交互作用；P≤0.023）。同样，AFB1降低了饲喂16%和22%CP日粮鸡的血清白蛋白、总蛋白和球蛋白浓度，但对饲喂26%CP日粮的鸡没有影响（AFB1×CP交互作用；P≤0.071）。通过血清乳果糖/鼠李糖比值测定，饲喂受AFB1污染日粮的鸡肠道通透性增加（主效应；P = 0.04）。此外，AFB1有增加内源性氮损失的趋势（P = 0.09），并且显著降低了饲喂16%CP日粮鸡的表观回肠可消化能量以及标准化回肠氮和氨基酸消化率，而饲喂较高日粮CP的鸡未受影响（AFB1×CP交互作用；P≤0.01）。此外，AFB1增加了翻译起始因子4E结合蛋白（4EBP1）、闭合蛋白1和多种空肠氨基酸转运蛋白的表达（主效应；P≤0.04）。本研究结果表明，日粮中1.5mg AFB1/kg显著损害生长、主要血清生化指标、肠道屏障、内源性损失以及能量和氨基酸消化率。低日粮CP可加重黄曲霉毒素中毒，而高日粮CP可完全消除0至20日龄肉鸡因黄曲霉毒素中毒对生长性能、血清蛋白和养分消化率的损害。
