Mangine Gerald T, Hoffman Jay R, Gonzalez Adam M, Jajtner Adam R, Scanlon Tyler, Rogowski Joseph P, Wells Adam J, Fragala Maren S, Stout Jeffrey R
Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise, University of Central Florida, Orlando;
J Athl Train. 2014 Nov-Dec;49(6):794-9. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.60.
Professional basketball players have demanding schedules that, in combination with certain underlying physical characteristics and side-to-side strength and power imbalances, may make them vulnerable to lower extremity injuries.
To examine the relationship among skeletal muscle architecture, lower body power, and games missed because of lower extremity injury (%MISS) in professional basketball players.
Cross-sectional study. Setting : Human Performance Laboratory.
Nine players under contract for Orlando Magic were assessed. We compared athletes who were injured (n = 4, height = 203.2 ± 5.5 cm, mass = 105 ± 7.5 kg, age = 25.0 ± 2.8 years) and those who remained healthy (n = 5, height = 200.2 ± 12.2 cm, mass = 100.1 ± 16.6 kg, age = 22.4 ± 1.9 years) during the season.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Bilateral ultrasonographic measurements of muscle thickness, pennation angle, echo intensity, and cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis were collected before regular-season play. Subsequently, muscle thickness and pennation angle were used to compute fascicle length. Along with unilateral jumping power, inferences were made upon the magnitude of the relationship between the percentage bilateral difference in these measures and %MISS, as well as between injured and healthy athletes.
The data indicated likely relationships between %MISS and age (r = 0.772), and between %MISS and bilateral differences in rectus femoris cross-sectional area (7.8% ± 6.4%; r = 0.657) and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (6.2% ± 4.8%; r = 0.521), as well as a possible relationship with vastus lateralis muscle thickness (7.9% ± 8.9%; r = 0.444). Echo-intensity differences in the vastus lateralis were greater in injured (8.0% ± 2.4%) versus healthy athletes (3.2% ± 2.0%). Although a 2-fold difference in mean jumping power was observed between injured (26.3 ± 14.9 W) and healthy athletes (13.6 ± 8.7 W), these differences were not statistically significant (P = .20).
In the present sample, lower extremity side-to-side differences may be related to an increased risk for lower extremity injury. Future researchers using larger sample sizes need to identify normal versus at-risk ranges for bilateral differences in muscle structure and power of the lower extremities of professional basketball players and athletes in other sports.
职业篮球运动员的日程安排十分紧凑，再加上某些潜在的身体特征以及左右侧力量和功率失衡，可能使他们更容易受到下肢损伤。
研究职业篮球运动员骨骼肌结构、下肢功率与因下肢损伤而错过的比赛场次（%MISS）之间的关系。
横断面研究。地点：人体运动实验室。
对9名与奥兰多魔术队签约的球员进行了评估。我们比较了赛季中受伤的运动员（n = 4，身高 = 203.2 ± 5.5厘米，体重 = 105 ± 7.5千克，年龄 = 25.0 ± 2.8岁）和保持健康的运动员（n = 5，身高 = 200.2 ± 12.2厘米，体重 = 100.1 ± 16.6千克，年龄 = 22.4 ± 1.9岁）。
在常规赛开始前，对股直肌和股外侧肌的肌肉厚度、羽状角、回声强度和横截面积进行双侧超声测量。随后，使用肌肉厚度和羽状角来计算肌束长度。连同单侧跳跃功率，推断这些测量指标的双侧差异百分比与%MISS之间的关系大小，以及受伤和健康运动员之间的关系。
数据表明，%MISS与年龄（r = 0.772）、%MISS与股直肌横截面积的双侧差异（7.8% ± 6.4%；r = 0.657）和股外侧肌横截面积的双侧差异（6.2% ± 4.8%；r = 0.521）之间可能存在关系，以及与股外侧肌肌肉厚度（7.9% ± 8.9%；r = 0.444）可能存在关系。股外侧肌的回声强度差异在受伤运动员（8.0% ± 2.4%）中比健康运动员（3.2% ± 2.0%）更大。尽管受伤运动员（26.3 ± 14.9瓦）和健康运动员（13.6 ± 8.7瓦）之间观察到平均跳跃功率有2倍差异，但这些差异无统计学意义（P = 0.20）。
在本样本中，下肢左右侧差异可能与下肢受伤风险增加有关。未来使用更大样本量的研究人员需要确定职业篮球运动员和其他运动项目运动员下肢肌肉结构和功率双侧差异的正常范围与风险范围。
