网络成瘾的风险与保护因素：韩国实证研究的荟萃分析
Risk and protective factors of internet addiction: a meta-analysis of empirical studies in Korea.
作者信息
Koo Hoon Jung, Kwon Jung-Hye
机构信息
Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
出版信息
Yonsei Med J. 2014 Nov;55(6):1691-711. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.6.1691.
PURPOSE
A meta-analysis of empirical studies performed in Korea was conducted to systematically investigate the associations between the indices of Internet addiction (IA) and psychosocial variables.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Systematic literature searches were carried out using the Korean Studies Information Service System, Research Information Sharing Service, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and references in review articles. The key words were Internet addiction, (Internet) game addiction, and pathological, problematic, and excessive Internet use. Only original research papers using Korean samples published from 1999 to 2012 and officially reviewed by peers were included for analysis. Ninety-five studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified.
RESULTS
The magnitude of the overall effect size of the intrapersonal variables associated with internet addiction was significantly higher than that of interpersonal variables. Specifically, IA demonstrated a medium to strong association with "escape from self" and "self-identity" as self-related variables. "Attention problem", "self-control", and "emotional regulation" as control and regulation-relation variables; "addiction and absorption traits" as temperament variables; "anger" and "aggression" as emotion and mood and variables; "negative stress coping" as coping variables were also associated with comparably larger effect sizes. Contrary to our expectation, the magnitude of the correlations between relational ability and quality, parental relationships and family functionality, and IA were found to be small. The strength of the association between IA and the risk and protective factors was found to be higher in younger age groups.
CONCLUSION
The findings highlight a need for closer examination of psychosocial factors, especially intrapersonal variables when assessing high-risk individuals and designing intervention strategies for both general IA and Internet game addiction.
目的
对在韩国进行的实证研究进行荟萃分析，以系统地调查网络成瘾（IA）指标与心理社会变量之间的关联。
材料与方法
使用韩国研究信息服务系统、研究信息共享服务、科学Direct、谷歌学术以及综述文章中的参考文献进行系统的文献检索。关键词为网络成瘾、（网络）游戏成瘾以及病理性、问题性和过度网络使用。仅纳入1999年至2012年发表的、使用韩国样本且经过同行正式评审的原创研究论文进行分析。确定了95项符合纳入标准的研究。
结果
与网络成瘾相关的个人内部变量的总体效应大小显著高于人际变量。具体而言，IA与作为自我相关变量的“逃避自我”和“自我认同”表现出中度至强关联。作为控制和调节关系变量的“注意力问题”“自我控制”和“情绪调节”；作为气质变量的“成瘾和专注特质”；作为情绪和心境变量的“愤怒”和“攻击性”；作为应对变量的“消极压力应对”也与相对较大的效应大小相关。与我们的预期相反，关系能力与质量、亲子关系和家庭功能以及IA之间的相关程度较小。IA与风险和保护因素之间的关联强度在较年轻年龄组中更高。
结论
研究结果凸显了在评估高危个体以及为一般网络成瘾和网络游戏成瘾设计干预策略时，需要更仔细地审视心理社会因素，尤其是个人内部变量。
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