Siebeck Ulrike E, Wallis Guy Michael, Litherland Lenore, Ganeshina Olga, Vorobyev Misha
School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Centre for Sensorimotor Neuroscience, School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Neural Circuits. 2014 Sep 30;8:118. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2014.00118. eCollection 2014.
Luminance vision has high spatial resolution and is used for form vision and texture discrimination. In humans, birds and bees luminance channel is spectrally selective-it depends on the signals of the long-wavelength sensitive photoreceptors (bees) or on the sum of long- and middle-wavelength sensitive cones (humans), but not on the signal of the short-wavelength sensitive (blue) photoreceptors. The reasons of such selectivity are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to reveal the inputs of cone signals to high resolution luminance vision in reef fish. Sixteen freshly caught damselfish, Pomacentrus amboinensis, were trained to discriminate stimuli differing either in their color or in their fine patterns (stripes vs. cheques). Three colors ("bright green", "dark green" and "blue") were used to create two sets of color and two sets of pattern stimuli. The "bright green" and "dark green" were similar in their chromatic properties for fish, but differed in their lightness; the "dark green" differed from "blue" in the signal for the blue cone, but yielded similar signals in the long-wavelength and middle-wavelength cones. Fish easily learned to discriminate "bright green" from "dark green" and "dark green" from "blue" stimuli. Fish also could discriminate the fine patterns created from "dark green" and "bright green". However, fish failed to discriminate fine patterns created from "blue" and "dark green" colors, i.e., the colors that provided contrast for the blue-sensitive photoreceptor, but not for the long-wavelength sensitive one. High resolution luminance vision in damselfish, Pomacentrus amboinensis, does not have input from the blue-sensitive cone, which may indicate that the spectral selectivity of luminance channel is a general feature of visual processing in both aquatic and terrestrial animals.
亮度视觉具有高空间分辨率，用于形状视觉和纹理辨别。在人类、鸟类和蜜蜂中，亮度通道具有光谱选择性——它取决于长波长敏感光感受器的信号（蜜蜂），或者取决于长波长和中波长敏感视锥细胞的总和（人类），而不取决于短波长敏感（蓝色）光感受器的信号。这种选择性的原因尚未完全理解。本研究的目的是揭示视锥细胞信号对珊瑚礁鱼类高分辨率亮度视觉的输入。16条刚捕获的雀鲷（双斑宅泥鱼）被训练来区分颜色或精细图案（条纹与方格）不同的刺激。使用三种颜色（“亮绿色”、“深绿色”和“蓝色”）来创建两组颜色和两组图案刺激。“亮绿色”和“深绿色”对鱼类来说在色度特性上相似，但亮度不同；“深绿色”与“蓝色”在蓝色视锥细胞的信号上不同，但在长波长和中波长视锥细胞中产生相似的信号。鱼类很容易学会区分“亮绿色”和“深绿色”以及“深绿色”和“蓝色”刺激。鱼类也能够区分由“深绿色”和“亮绿色”创建的精细图案。然而，鱼类无法区分由“蓝色”和“深绿色”颜色创建的精细图案，即那些为蓝色敏感光感受器提供对比度，但不为长波长敏感光感受器提供对比度的颜色。双斑宅泥鱼的高分辨率亮度视觉没有来自蓝色敏感视锥细胞的输入，这可能表明亮度通道的光谱选择性是水生和陆生动物视觉处理的一个普遍特征。
