Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Valencia, Spain.
Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escola Superior de Tecnologia i Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I Castellón, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2014 Oct 1;5:488. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00488. eCollection 2014.
Some alternative control strategies of currently emerging plant diseases are based on the use of resistance inducers. This review highlights the recent advances made in the characterization of natural compounds that induce resistance by a priming mechanism. These include vitamins, chitosans, oligogalacturonides, volatile organic compounds, azelaic and pipecolic acid, among others. Overall, other than providing novel disease control strategies that meet environmental regulations, natural priming agents are valuable tools to help unravel the complex mechanisms underlying the induced resistance (IR) phenomenon. The data presented in this review reflect the novel contributions made from studying these natural plant inducers, with special emphasis placed on hexanoic acid (Hx), proposed herein as a model tool for this research field. Hx is a potent natural priming agent of proven efficiency in a wide range of host plants and pathogens. It can early activate broad-spectrum defenses by inducing callose deposition and the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways. Later it can prime pathogen-specific responses according to the pathogen's lifestyle. Interestingly, Hx primes redox-related genes to produce an anti-oxidant protective effect, which might be critical for limiting the infection of necrotrophs. Our Hx-IR findings also strongly suggest that it is an attractive tool for the molecular characterization of the plant alarmed state, with the added advantage of it being a natural compound.
一些新兴植物病害的替代控制策略基于利用诱导抗性。这篇综述强调了近年来在鉴定通过引发机制诱导抗性的天然化合物方面取得的进展。这些化合物包括维生素、壳聚糖、寡半乳糖醛酸、挥发性有机化合物、壬二酸和哌啶酸等。总的来说，除了提供符合环境法规的新型疾病控制策略外，天然引发剂还是帮助揭示诱导抗性 (IR) 现象背后复杂机制的有价值工具。本文综述中呈现的数据反映了研究这些天然植物诱导剂所取得的新贡献，特别强调了己酸 (Hx)，本文将其提议作为该研究领域的模型工具。Hx 是一种有效的天然引发剂，已被证明在广泛的宿主植物和病原体中具有效率。它可以通过诱导胼胝质沉积和水杨酸 (SA) 和茉莉酸 (JA) 途径来早期激活广谱防御。之后，它可以根据病原体的生活方式引发针对病原体的特异性反应。有趣的是，Hx 引发与氧化还原相关的基因产生抗氧化保护作用，这对于限制坏死营养物的感染可能至关重要。我们关于 Hx-IR 的发现还强烈表明，它是对植物报警状态进行分子特征描述的有吸引力的工具，而且它是一种天然化合物。
