Xu Xiaomeng, Demos Kathryn E, Leahey Tricia M, Hart Chantelle N, Trautvetter Jennifer, Coward Pamela, Middleton Kathryn R, Wing Rena R
Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, United States of America.
The Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 21;9(10):e109950. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109950. eCollection 2014.
The limited resource or strength model of self-control posits that the use of self-regulatory resources leads to depletion and poorer performance on subsequent self-control tasks. We conducted four studies (two with community samples, two with young adult samples) utilizing a frequently used depletion procedure (crossing out letters protocol) and the two most frequently used dependent measures of self-control (handgrip perseverance and modified Stroop). In each study, participants completed a baseline self-control measure, a depletion or control task (randomized), and then the same measure of self-control a second time. There was no evidence for significant depletion effects in any of these four studies. The null results obtained in four attempts to replicate using strong methodological approaches may indicate that depletion has more limited effects than implied by prior publications. We encourage further efforts to replicate depletion (particularly among community samples) with full disclosure of positive and negative results.
自我控制的有限资源或力量模型假定，自我调节资源的使用会导致资源耗竭，进而在后续的自我控制任务中表现更差。我们进行了四项研究（两项针对社区样本，两项针对青年成人样本），采用了常用的耗竭程序（划掉字母协议）以及两项最常用的自我控制相关测量指标（握力耐力和改良斯特鲁普测验）。在每项研究中，参与者先完成一项基线自我控制测量，接着进行一项耗竭或控制任务（随机分配），然后再次进行相同的自我控制测量。在这四项研究中，均没有证据表明存在显著的耗竭效应。通过强有力的方法进行四次复制尝试所得到的阴性结果可能表明，耗竭效应比先前出版物所暗示的更为有限。我们鼓励进一步努力对耗竭效应进行复制研究（尤其是在社区样本中），并全面公开正反两方面的结果。
