Zarghi Afsaneh, Zali Alireza, Tehranidost Mehdi
Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Psychiatry Department, Rouzbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2013 Winter;4(1):97-103.
A variety of nervous system components such as medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, basal ganglia, parietal, frontal and occipital lobes have role in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) processes. The eye movement is done simultaneously for attracting client's attention to an external stimulus while concentrating on a certain internal subject. Eye movement guided by therapist is the most common attention stimulus. The role of eye movement has been documented previously in relation with cognitive processing mechanisms. A series of systemic experiments have shown that the eyes' spontaneous movement is associated with emotional and cognitive changes and results in decreased excitement, flexibility in attention, memory processing, and enhanced semantic recalling. Eye movement also decreases the memory's image clarity and the accompanying excitement. By using EMDR, we can reach some parts of memory which were inaccessible before and also emotionally intolerable. Various researches emphasize on the effectiveness of EMDR in treating and curing phobias, pains, and dependent personality disorders. Consequently, due to the involvement of multiple neural system components, this palliative method of treatment can also help to rehabilitate the neuro-cognitive system.
多种神经系统组成部分，如延髓、脑桥、中脑、小脑、基底神经节、顶叶、额叶和枕叶，在眼动脱敏再处理（EMDR）过程中发挥作用。眼动是在专注于某个内部主题的同时，为吸引客户对外部刺激的注意力而同步进行的。由治疗师引导的眼动是最常见的注意力刺激方式。眼动的作用此前已与认知加工机制相关联。一系列系统实验表明，眼睛的自发运动与情绪和认知变化相关，并导致兴奋度降低、注意力灵活性提高、记忆加工以及语义回忆增强。眼动还会降低记忆图像的清晰度以及随之而来的兴奋感。通过使用EMDR，我们可以触及以前无法触及且在情感上难以忍受的部分记忆。各种研究强调了EMDR在治疗恐惧症、疼痛和依赖型人格障碍方面的有效性。因此，由于涉及多个神经系统组成部分，这种姑息性治疗方法也有助于神经认知系统的康复。
