Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-inspired Catalysis Group, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Chem Soc Rev. 2015 Jan 21;44(2):433-48. doi: 10.1039/c4cs00192c.
Transition metal catalysis plays an important role in both industry and in academia where selectivity, activity and stability are crucial parameters to control. Next to changing the structure of the ligand, introducing a confined space as a second coordination sphere around a metal catalyst has recently been shown to be a viable method to induce new selectivity and activity in transition metal catalysis. In this review we focus on supramolecular strategies to encapsulate transition metal complexes with the aim of controlling the selectivity via the second coordination sphere. As we will discuss, catalyst confinement can result in selective processes that are impossible or difficult to achieve by traditional methods. We will describe the template-ligand approach as well as the host-guest approach to arrive at such supramolecular systems and discuss how the performance of the catalyst is enhanced by confining it in a molecular container.
过渡金属催化在工业和学术界都起着重要作用，其中选择性、活性和稳定性是控制的关键参数。除了改变配体的结构外，最近还表明，在金属催化剂周围引入受限空间作为第二配位球，是诱导过渡金属催化中产生新选择性和活性的一种可行方法。在这篇综述中，我们专注于超分子策略来封装过渡金属配合物，旨在通过第二配位球控制选择性。正如我们将讨论的那样，催化剂的限制可以导致通过传统方法不可能或难以实现的选择性过程。我们将描述模板配体方法以及主客体方法来获得这样的超分子体系，并讨论将催化剂限制在分子容器中如何增强其性能。
