Asseraf Marielle, Vaillancourt Tracy
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2015 Jul;43(5):895-908. doi: 10.1007/s10802-014-9947-9.
The temporal relation between two types of perfectionism - self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) - and depressive symptoms was examined in a sample of 653 children (286 girls, 367 boys) across Grades 6 (depressive symptoms only), 7, and 8. A vulnerability model, in which perfectionism affects depressive symptoms, was compared to a scar model, in which depressive symptoms affects perfectionism, and to a reciprocal-causality model, in which both constructs concurrently affect each other across time. Cross-lagged paths analyses using structural equation modeling supported a scar model where increases in depressive symptoms lead to increases in SPP, but not SOP. The findings applied to both boys and girls. Results suggest that in childhood, depressive symptoms increase the perception that others are expecting excessively high standards of oneself and the need to satisfy this perception.
在一个由653名6年级（仅测量抑郁症状）、7年级和8年级学生组成的样本中（286名女生，367名男生），研究了两种完美主义类型——自我导向完美主义（SOP）和社会规定完美主义（SPP）——与抑郁症状之间的时间关系。将完美主义影响抑郁症状的脆弱性模型、抑郁症状影响完美主义的疤痕模型，以及两种结构随时间相互影响的相互因果模型进行了比较。使用结构方程模型的交叉滞后路径分析支持了一种疤痕模型，即抑郁症状的增加会导致社会规定完美主义的增加，但不会导致自我导向完美主义的增加。这一发现适用于男孩和女孩。结果表明，在童年时期，抑郁症状会增加个体认为他人对自己期望过高的认知，以及满足这种认知的需求。
