Sliter Michael, Yuan Zhenyu
Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2015 Apr;20(2):259-71. doi: 10.1037/a0038175. Epub 2014 Oct 27.
With growing concerns over the obesity epidemic in the United States and other developed countries, many organizations have taken steps to incorporate healthy workplace practices. However, most workers are still sedentary throughout the day--a major contributor to individual weight gain. The current study sought to gather preliminary evidence of the efficacy of active workstations, which are a possible intervention that could increase employees' physical activity while they are working. We conducted an experimental study, in which boredom, task satisfaction, stress, arousal, and performance were evaluated and compared across 4 randomly assigned conditions: seated workstation, standing workstation, cycling workstation, and walking workstation. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) and exercise habits were examined as moderators to determine whether differences in these variables would relate to increased benefits in active conditions. The results (n = 180) showed general support for the benefits of walking workstations, whereby participants in the walking condition had higher satisfaction and arousal and experienced less boredom and stress than those in the passive conditions. Cycling workstations, on the other hand, tended to relate to reduced satisfaction and performance when compared with other conditions. The moderators did not impact these relationships, indicating that walking workstations might have psychological benefits to individuals, regardless of BMI and exercise habits. The results of this study are a preliminary step in understanding the work implications of active workstations.
随着美国和其他发达国家对肥胖流行问题的日益关注，许多组织已采取措施纳入健康的工作场所做法。然而，大多数员工一整天仍然久坐不动——这是个人体重增加的主要原因。当前的研究旨在收集关于主动式工作站功效的初步证据，主动式工作站是一种可能的干预措施，可以在员工工作时增加他们的身体活动。我们进行了一项实验研究，在4种随机分配的条件下对无聊感、任务满意度、压力、唤醒水平和工作表现进行了评估和比较：坐姿工作站、站姿工作站、骑行工作站和步行工作站。此外，还将体重指数（BMI）和运动习惯作为调节变量进行研究，以确定这些变量的差异是否与主动式工作条件下更大的益处相关。结果（n = 180）显示，总体上支持步行工作站的益处，即与被动式条件下的参与者相比，处于步行条件下的参与者满意度更高、唤醒水平更高，无聊感和压力更小。另一方面，与其他条件相比，骑行工作站往往与满意度降低和工作表现下降有关。调节变量并未影响这些关系，这表明无论BMI和运动习惯如何，步行工作站可能对个人具有心理益处。这项研究的结果是理解主动式工作站对工作影响的初步步骤。
