Dänicke Sven, Keese Christina, Meyer Ulrich, Starke Alexander, Kinoshita Asako, Rehage Jürgen
a Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health , Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut , Braunschweig , Germany.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2014 Dec;68(6):492-506. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2014.973236. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
A long-term feeding experiment with dairy cows was performed to investigate the effects of feeding a Fusarium toxin contaminated (FUS) and a background-contaminated control (CON) ration with a mean concentrate feed proportion of 50% during the first 11 weeks after parturition (Groups FUS-50, CON-50, Period 1), and with concentrate feed proportions of 30% or 60% during the remaining 17 weeks (Groups CON-30, CON-60, FUS-30 and FUS-60, Period 2), on zearalenone (ZEN) residue levels in blood serum, milk, urine and bile. ZEN, α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZEL), zearalanone (ZAL), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) and β-zearalanol (β-ZAL) were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. The ZEN concentrations of the rations fed to Groups CON-50, FUS-50 (Period 1), CON-30, CON-60, FUS-30 and FUS-60 (Period 2) amounted to 53.1, 112.7, 35.0, 24.4, 73.8 and 72.5 µg/kg dry matter, respectively. The concentrations of ZEN, α-ZEL, β-ZEL, ZAN, α-ZAL and β-ZAL in serum, urine and milk were lower than 1, 1, 4, 100, 50 and 200 ng/g, respectively, while ZEN, α-ZEL and β-ZEL were detected in bile. Their levels changed with oral ZEN exposure in the course of the experiment and in a similar direction with concentrate feed proportion (Period 2 only). Thus the proportions of the individual β-ZEL, α-ZEL and ZEN concentrations of their sum varied only in narrow ranges of 68-76%, 6-13% and 12-20%, respectively. Interestingly, the bile concentrations of β-ZEL, α-ZEL and ZEN of Groups CON-60 and FUS-60 amounted to only approximately 50%, 45% and 62%, respectively, of those of Groups CON-30 and FUS-30 despite a similar or even lower ZEN exposure. The results indicate that conversion of ZEN to its detectable metabolites was not changed by different dietary concentrate feed proportions while their absolute levels were decreased. These findings might suggest concentrate feed proportion-dependent and rumen fermentation-mediated alterations in ZEN/metabolite degradation, and/or liver associated alterations in bile formation and turnover.
进行了一项奶牛长期饲养实验，以研究在分娩后的前11周内饲喂平均精饲料比例为50%的受镰刀菌毒素污染（FUS）日粮和背景污染对照（CON）日粮（FUS - 50组、CON - 50组，第1阶段），以及在剩余17周内饲喂精饲料比例为30%或60%的日粮（CON - 30组、CON - 60组、FUS - 30组和FUS - 60组，第2阶段）对血清、牛奶、尿液和胆汁中玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）残留水平的影响。采用高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定ZEN、α - 玉米赤霉醇（α - ZEL）、β - 玉米赤霉醇（β - ZEL）、玉米赤霉酮（ZAL）、α - 玉米赤霉烯醇（α - ZAL）和β - 玉米赤霉烯醇（β - ZAL）。CON - 50组、FUS - 50组（第1阶段）、CON - 30组、CON - 60组、FUS - 30组和FUS - 60组（第2阶段）所喂日粮中的ZEN浓度分别为53.1、112.7、35.0、24.4、73.8和72.5 μg/kg干物质。血清、尿液和牛奶中ZEN、α - ZEL、β - ZEL、ZAN、α - ZAL和β - ZAL的浓度分别低于1、1、4、100、50和200 ng/g，而在胆汁中检测到了ZEN、α - ZEL和β - ZEL。在实验过程中，它们的水平随口服ZEN暴露而变化，并且在第2阶段中与精饲料比例变化趋势相似。因此，β - ZEL、α - ZEL和ZEN各自浓度占其总和的比例仅在狭窄范围内变化，分别为68 - 76%、6 - 13%和12 -
