Falkauskas Rimvydas, Bakutis Bronius, Jovaišienė Jurgita, Vaičiulienė Gintarė, Gerulis Gediminas, Kerzienė Sigita, Jacevičienė Ingrida, Jacevičius Eugenijus, Baliukonienė Violeta
Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jun 27;12(13):1651. doi: 10.3390/ani12131651.
After oral contamination, zearalenone (ZEN) is rapidly absorbed in organisms and can be detected in biological fluids. In this study, we investigated the metabolites of ZEN in the biological fluids of cows (blood, urine, milk). The study was divided into three stages: preparation (the first stage), investigation (the second stage), and final stage (the third stage). Samples of biological fluids were taken 7, 21, and 35 days after the beginning of the study. At the first stage and at the second stage, the cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) with naturally contaminated mycotoxin-zearalenone (500 ± 75 µg/kg). In the third stage, the cows were fed a TMR without mycotoxins. This study established that at the second stage, the alpha-zearalenol concentrations in the serum increased by 92% and the beta-zearalanol in the urine decreased by 48% compared to the first stage (p < 0.05). The beta-zearalenol and zearalanone concentrations in the urine were higher compared to that of the alpha-zearalenol. The zearalenone concentration in the milk at the second stage was 35% higher than at the first stage (p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation (r = −0.540) was determined between the beta-zearalenol and beta-zearalanol concentrations in the urine and the positive significant correlation (r = 0.826) between the beta-zearalanol and alpha-zearalenol concentrations in the serum (p < 0.05). During the study, it was determined that feeding cows for two weeks with a TMR without mycotoxins can reduce concentrations of alpha-zearalanol, beta-zearalenol, and beta-zearalanol in the biological fluids and can reduce the concentrations of ZEN in the milk, but does not reduce the concentration of zearalanone.
经口污染后，玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）在生物体中迅速被吸收，并可在生物体液中检测到。在本研究中，我们调查了奶牛生物体液（血液、尿液、牛奶）中ZEN的代谢产物。该研究分为三个阶段：准备阶段（第一阶段）、调查阶段（第二阶段）和最后阶段（第三阶段）。在研究开始后的第7天、21天和35天采集生物体液样本。在第一阶段和第二阶段，给奶牛饲喂含有天然污染霉菌毒素——玉米赤霉烯酮（500±75μg/kg）的全混合日粮（TMR）。在第三阶段，给奶牛饲喂不含霉菌毒素的TMR。本研究证实，在第二阶段，与第一阶段相比，血清中α-玉米赤霉醇浓度增加了92%，尿液中β-玉米赤霉醇浓度降低了48%（p<0.05）。尿液中β-玉米赤霉醇和玉米赤霉酮的浓度高于α-玉米赤霉醇。第二阶段牛奶中玉米赤霉烯酮的浓度比第一阶段高35%（p<0.05）。尿液中β-玉米赤霉醇和β-玉米赤霉醇浓度之间存在显著负相关（r=-0.540），血清中β-玉米赤霉醇和α-玉米赤霉醇浓度之间存在显著正相关（r=0.826）（p<0.05）。在研究过程中，确定用不含霉菌毒素的TMR喂养奶牛两周可降低生物体液中α-玉米赤霉醇、β-玉米赤霉醇和β-玉米赤霉醇的浓度，并可降低牛奶中ZEN的浓度，但不会降低玉米赤霉酮的浓度。
