Ndlovu Vuyelwa, Dalvie Mohamed Aqiel, Jeebhay Mohamed F
Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Applied Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
Am J Ind Med. 2014 Dec;57(12):1331-43. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22384. Epub 2014 Oct 27.
Few studies have investigated asthma and pesticides among women farm workers in developing countries.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association between pesticides and asthma among rural women (n = 211). Outcome measurements included respiratory symptoms (European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire), immunological status (Phadiatop, serum IgE to mite allergens) and lower airway inflammation (fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels). Exposure variables included self-reported pesticide exposure and whole blood cholinesterase (ChE).
The prevalence of ocular-nasal symptoms (ONS), doctor-diagnosed asthma and current asthma was 24%, 11%, and 6% respectively. ONS was positively associated with re-entering a sprayed field (OR = 2.97; CI: 0.93-9.50). Asthma symptom score was associated with low ChE (OR = 1.93; CI: 1.09-3.44). Participants with high FeNO (>50 ppb) also had an elevated odds of having low ChE (OR = 4.8; CI: 0.80-28.00).
Pesticide exposure among women farm workers is associated with increased risk of ocular nasal symptoms and an elevated asthma symptom score.
在发展中国家，很少有研究调查女性农场工人中的哮喘与农药接触情况。
开展了一项横断面研究，以调查农村女性（n = 211）中农药与哮喘之间的关联。结局测量指标包括呼吸道症状（欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查问卷）、免疫状态（Phadiatop检测、血清中对螨过敏原的IgE）以及下呼吸道炎症（呼出一氧化氮分数（FeNO）水平）。暴露变量包括自我报告的农药接触情况和全血胆碱酯酶（ChE）。
眼鼻症状（ONS）、医生诊断的哮喘和当前哮喘的患病率分别为24%、11%和6%。ONS与重新进入喷洒过农药的田地呈正相关（比值比（OR）= 2.97；置信区间（CI）：0.93 - 9.50）。哮喘症状评分与低ChE相关（OR = 1.93；CI：1.09 - 3.44）。FeNO水平高（>50 ppb）的参与者ChE水平低的几率也升高（OR = 4.8；CI：0.80 - 28.00）。
女性农场工人接触农药与眼鼻症状风险增加以及哮喘症状评分升高有关。
