“美并非事物本身的特质”：认知动机影响对艺术的隐性偏好。
'Beauty is no quality in things themselves': epistemic motivation affects implicit preferences for art.
作者信息
Chirumbolo Antonio, Brizi Ambra, Mastandrea Stefano, Mannetti Lucia
机构信息
Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Cultural and Educational Studies, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 31;9(10):e110323. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110323. eCollection 2014.
Art preferences are affected by a number of subjective factors. This paper reports two studies which investigated whether need for closure shapes implicit art preferences. It was predicted that higher need for closure would negatively affect implicit preferences for abstract art. In study one, 60 participants were tested for dispositional need for closure and then completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) task to measure their implicit preference for abstract (vs. figurative) paintings. In study two, 54 participants completed the same IAT task. In this experiment need for closure was both manipulated by cognitive load and tapped as a dispositional trait. Results of the studies converged in showing that after controlling for other important individual factors such as participants'expertise and cognitive ability, need for closure, both as a dispositional trait and as a situationally induced motivational state, was negatively associated with implicit preference for abstract art.
艺术偏好受到许多主观因素的影响。本文报告了两项研究，这些研究调查了认知闭合需求是否塑造了潜在的艺术偏好。研究预测，较高的认知闭合需求会对抽象艺术的潜在偏好产生负面影响。在研究一中，对60名参与者进行了认知闭合需求的倾向性测试，然后他们完成了一项内隐联想测验（IAT）任务，以测量他们对抽象（与具象）绘画的潜在偏好。在研究二中，54名参与者完成了相同的IAT任务。在这个实验中，认知闭合需求既通过认知负荷进行操纵，又作为一种倾向性特征进行测量。两项研究的结果都表明，在控制了其他重要的个体因素（如参与者的专业知识和认知能力）之后，认知闭合需求，无论是作为一种倾向性特征还是作为一种情境诱导的动机状态，都与对抽象艺术的潜在偏好呈负相关。
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